{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T13:53:05Z","timestamp":1775310785734,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The objective of the current study was to determine the influence of biochar supplementation on steer growth performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal temperature of calf-fed Angus\u2005\u00d7\u2005Holstein (AXH) crossbred steers versus calf-fed Charolais\u2005\u00d7\u2005Holstein (CXH) crossbred steers fed for over 300 d. Fifty-six AXH crossbred steers (body weight (BW)\u2005=\u2005192\u2005\u00b1\u200512\u00a0kg), and 56 CHX steers (BW\u2005=\u2005188\u2005\u00b1\u200513\u00a0kg) were blocked by initial BW and assigned randomly to 28 pens. Dietary treatments consisted of a steam-flaked corn-based diet supplemented with 1) no biochar supplementation (control); 2) 0.2% (dry matter (DM) basis) of Biochar. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block in a 2\u2005\u00d7\u20052 factorial arrangement, using pens as the experimental unit. From 112 to 224 d on feed, dietary supplemental biochar decreased (P\u2005=\u20050.05) cattle average daily gain (ADG). However, there were no other dietary effects (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.11) on steer growth performance or performance-adjusted net energy values. Biochar supplementation tended (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.08) to decrease the marbling score and increase calf morbidity. Biochar had no other effects (P\u2005&amp;gt;\u20050.13) on carcass characteristics. Angus cross steers had a greater (P\u2005\u2264\u20050.05) final live weight and DM intake compared to CXH steers. Moreover, AXH steers tended (P\u2005=\u20050.09) to have overall ADG, and had a 9.4% greater (P\u2005=\u20050.03) overall ADG in the last 78 d compared to CXH. There were no differences (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.44) between breeds for gain efficiency or net energy for maintenance or gain based on growth performance. Charolais cross steers had the lesser (P\u2005\u2264\u20050.04) average ruminal temperature during the months of June, July, August, and November, while there were no ruminal temperature differences in September and October (P\u2005&amp;gt;\u20050.10). Angus cross steers demonstrated an increase (P\u2005\u2264\u20050.04) in kidney, pelvic, and heart fat, backfat thickness, marbling, and yield grade compared to CXH; however, CXH had a larger (P\u2005=\u20050.01) longissimus muscle area. There were no other differences (P\u2005\u2265\u20050.11) in carcass characteristics, health, or liver abscesses between breeds. Results indicate that biochar supplementation at 0.20% (DM basis) did not affect growth performance or carcass characteristics; however, breed (Angus vs. Charolais) used in a beef on dairy cross did affect carcass characteristics, including carcass weight, and muscle and fat deposition; showing the importance of proper breed selection when a beef on dairy crosses production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaf113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T18:21:51Z","timestamp":1744741311000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of biochar supplementation on comparative growth performance and carcass characteristics of Angus \u00d7 Holstein vs. Charolais \u00d7 Holstein calf-fed steers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5935-8830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooke C","family":"Latack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Extension, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California , Holtville, CA 92250 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1620-6831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro H V","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AgNext \u2013 Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, CO 80521 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7278-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo A B","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Biometeorology, Sao Paulo State University , Jaboticabal ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard A","family":"Zinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of California , Davis, CA 95616 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025051010215022800_CIT0001","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis","author":"AOAC","year":"2000","edition":"17th ed"},{"key":"2025051010215022800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.15232\/s1080-7446(15)30296-5","article-title":"Interactions of shade and feeding management on feedlot performance of crossbred steers during seasonal periods of high ambient temperature","volume":"29","author":"Barajas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prof. Anim. 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