{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T06:51:05Z","timestamp":1792392665070,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A total of 728 sows (Camborough, PIC) and litters (Camborough\u2005\u00d7\u2005PIC 800) were used in a lactation study to evaluate the effect of precision feeding Lys compared to providing a single lactation diet on sow and litter performance. Sows were blocked by parity and allotted to 1 of 2 treatments at entry into farrowing. Treatments consisted of a control treatment or blend treatment fed a low and high Lys diet to reach target standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys intake for each day of lactation. Sows fed the blend treatment were fed a blend of a low (0.60%) and high (1.07%) Lys diet to reach target daily Lys intake via a computerized feeding system (Gestal Quattro Opti Feeder, Jyga Technologies, St-Lambert-de-Lauzon, Quebec, CA). Sows fed the control treatment received only the high Lys diet. The Lys level in the high Lys diet was increased by both soybean meal and feed-grade amino acids. Daily target Lys intake was based on NRC (2012) model estimates for litter size of 17 pigs, but levels were increased by 20% to reach an average target Lys intake of 61\u00a0g SID Lys\/d for gilts and 65\u00a0g\/d for parity 1 sows. Average Lys intake was 87% of target because sow average daily feed intake (ADFI) during lactation was lower than predicted. Sows fed the control treatment had greater (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001; 72.0 vs. 54.8\u00a0g\/d) SID Lys intake than those fed the blend treatment. No differences (P\u2005&amp;gt;\u20050.10) in entry to wean (day 19) change in sow body weight (BW), backfat, loin depth, caliper score, or ADFI were observed between treatments. There were no differences (P\u2005&amp;gt;\u20050.10) in litter size at day 2 or wean; however, litters and pigs from sows fed the control treatment tended (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.10) to have greater weight at wean and average daily gain compared to litters from sows fed the blend treatment. Control-fed sows had greater (P\u2005=\u20050.002) serum urea N concentration at wean compared to day 10 and to sows fed the blend treatment. Milk crude protein content was greater (P\u2005=\u20050.05) for control fed sows at day 10 and wean compared to sows fed the blend treatment. The decreased litter growth rate from blend-fed sows was likely due to insufficient Lys intake to maximize litter growth performance because when only considering the sows fed the blend treatment that achieved their target Lys intake, there were no differences in pig or litter weight at wean.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaf185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T12:02:50Z","timestamp":1753963370000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of precision feeding standardized ileal digestible lysine and other amino acids to lactating sows compared to conventional feeding strategies in a commercial farm"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Mikayla S","family":"Spinler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS 66506 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7268-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason C","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS 66506 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike D","family":"Tokach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS 66506 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D","family":"Goodband","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS 66506 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel M","family":"DeRouchey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS 66506 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyatt L","family":"Frobose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jyga Technologies , St-Lambert-de-Lauzon, Qu\u00e9bec , G0S 2W0","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Uitermarkt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jyga Technologies , St-Lambert-de-Lauzon, Qu\u00e9bec , G0S 2W0","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitor","family":"Moita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genus PIC , Hendersonville, TN ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan T","family":"Gebhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Medicine\/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS 66506 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0001","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis AOAC international","author":"AOAC","year":"2006","edition":"18th ed."},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3835","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2016-0648","article-title":"Effect of phase feeding and valine-to-lysine ratio during lactation on sow and piglet performance","volume":"94","author":"Craig","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2021.115034","article-title":"Effects of the environment and animal behavior on nutrient requirements for gestating sows: future improvements in precision feeding","volume":"279","author":"Gaillard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skz167","article-title":"Dynamic modeling of nutrient use and individual requirements of lactating sows","volume":"97","author":"Gauthier","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2021.106329","article-title":"Online forecasting of daily feed intake in lactating sows supported by offline time-series clustering, for precision livestock farming","volume":"188","author":"Gauthier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Electron. Agric"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skac222","article-title":"Precision feeding of lactating sows: implementation and evaluation of a decision support system in farm conditions","volume":"100","author":"Gauthier","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.2527\/tas2017.0043","article-title":"Determining the impact of increasing standardized ileal digestible lysine for primiparous and multiparous sows during lactation","volume":"1","author":"Gourley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4268","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skz286","article-title":"Optimal lysine in diets for high-yielding lactating sows","volume":"97","author":"Hojgaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5254","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9382","article-title":"Impact of feeding reduced crude protein diets to lactating sows on nitrogen utilization","volume":"93","author":"Huber","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.2527\/2000.782391x","article-title":"Lysine uptake by mammary gland tissue from lactating sows","volume":"78","author":"Hurley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0011","author":"InraPorc","year":"2009"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.13031\/aea.31.10632","article-title":"The sow body condition caliper","volume":"31","author":"Knauer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Eng. Agric"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10111947","article-title":"Effects of dietary lysine levels on production performance and milk composition of high-producing sows during lactation","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1987.643774x","article-title":"Metabolic utilization of energy and maintenance requirements in lactating sows","volume":"64","author":"Noblet","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0015","volume-title":"Nutrient requirements of swine","author":"NRC","year":"2012","edition":"11th ed."},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1590\/s1516-35982009001300023","article-title":"Applying precision feeding techniques in growing-finishing pig operations","volume":"38","author":"Pomar","year":"2009","journal-title":"R. Bras. Zootec"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"skae285","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skae285","article-title":"Evaluation of precision feeding standardized ileal digestible lysine and other amino acids to determine and meet the lactating sow\u2019s requirement estimates","volume":"102","author":"Spinler","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731115000488","article-title":"Determination of protein and amino acid requirements of lactating sows using a population-based factorial approach","volume":"9","author":"Strathe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal (Basel)"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2017.08.015","article-title":"Increased dietary protein levels during lactation improved sow and litter performance","volume":"232","author":"Strathe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livprodsci.2005.08.007","article-title":"Factors affecting longevity in maternal Duroc swine lines","volume":"100","author":"Tarr\u00e9s","year":"2006","journal-title":"Livest. Sci"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0021","first-page":"147","article-title":"Transition feeding of sows","volume-title":"The gestating and lactating sow","author":"Theil","year":"2015"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0022","author":"Theil","year":"2020"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731119001253","article-title":"Review: nutrient requirements of the modern high-producing lactating sow, with an emphasis on amino acid requirements","volume":"13","author":"Tokach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"2025073108024822900_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2000.811","article-title":"Blood urea nitrogen as an index of feed efficiency and lean growth potential in growing-finishing swine","volume":"13","author":"Whang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skaf185\/63900238\/skaf185.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skaf185\/63900238\/skaf185.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T12:02:51Z","timestamp":1753963371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jas\/skaf185\/8219910"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jas\/skaf185","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8812","1525-3163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8812","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-3163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"skaf185"}}