{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T10:44:15Z","timestamp":1783334655682,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture and the Canadian Agricultural Partnership","award":["20210571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210571"]}]},{"name":"Evonik Operations GmbH, Mitacs","award":["IT27881"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT27881"]}]},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan start up funds"},{"name":"National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery","award":["RGPIN-2021-03066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2021-03066"]}]},{"name":"Prairie Swine Centre, Inc."},{"name":"Government of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Pork Development Board"},{"name":"Manitoba Pork"},{"name":"Alberta Pork"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023433","name":"Ontario Pork","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023433","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Indigestible dietary protein content is an emerging dietary concept that is thought to be related to adverse intestinal health outcomes and increased incidence of pathogen-related diarrhea in pigs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of IDP on growth performance, immune status, and fecal consistency score (FCS) of nursery pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 (ETEC) or Salmonella Typhimurium (ST). Thirty-two mixed-sex nursery pigs with an average initial body weight of 7.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.40\u2009kg were individually housed and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments for 14 d in a completely randomized design (n\u2009=\u20098 pigs\/treatment). Corn-soybean-based diets were formulated to contain similar dietary protein (DP) content (21%) but differed in IDP content [low IDP, 2.74% (LIDP) or high IDP, 4.2% (HIDP)]. After a 7-d pre-inoculation period, all the pigs were orally inoculated with either 1.36\u2009\u00d7\u2009106 CFU\u00b7mL\u22121 ETEC or 1.14\u2009\u00d7\u20091010 CFU\u00b7mL\u22121 ST (n\u2009=\u200916 pigs\/challenge). Growth performance, rectal temperature, FCS, and blood inflammatory biomarkers were measured pre- and post-inoculation. There was no dietary effect on any measures pre-inoculation. Inoculation with ETEC or ST increased rectal temperature, FCS, blood inflammatory cytokines, acute-phase protein, and redox biomarkers (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Unlike in ETEC-inoculated pigs (P\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05), HIDP decreased average daily feed intake and average daily gain (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and tended to decrease gain: feed (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.10) compared to LIDP in ST-inoculated pigs. Low IDP reduced FCS (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and tended to reduce ileal and cecal ammonia-nitrogen concentrations (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.10) in ST-pigs compared to HIDP but not in ETEC-inoculated pigs. Regardless of enteric pathogen, HIDP stimulated immune response with higher serum interleukin-6 and plasma haptoglobin compared to LIDP (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). In ST-inoculated pigs, HIDP further increased serum albumin, tumor necrotic factor-alpha, and diamine oxidase, pathogen translocation to mesenteric lymph node, while reducing plasma reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH: oxidized glutathione (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Increasing IDP content results in negative outcomes on performance, fecal score, and inflammation in ST-inoculated pigs, with milder outcomes under ETEC challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaf451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T12:54:40Z","timestamp":1766494480000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["High indigestible dietary protein impairs growth and health status of nursery pigs with\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Typhimurium more than with enterotoxigenic\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    F4 challenge"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Taiwo J","family":"Erinle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prairie Swine Centre, Inc , Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marllon J K","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prairie Swine Centre, Inc , Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John K","family":"Htoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evonik Operations GmbH , 63457,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Maria","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evonik Corporation , Kennesaw, GA 30144"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4226-420X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny-Lee","family":"Thomassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3335-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel A","family":"Columbus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prairie Swine Centre, Inc , Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2026012811074417600_skaf451-B2085184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas87-116","volume":"67","author":"Ball","year":"1987","journal-title":"Can. 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