{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T18:03:58Z","timestamp":1779645838462,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lycopene is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant activity, yet information on its use in waterfowl is limited. This study evaluated the effects of dietary lycopene on growth performance, antioxidant status, immune-related biomarkers, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota in growing geese. Seventy-two 35-d-old male Zi geese were allocated to two dietary treatments (6 pens\/treatment, 6 birds\/pen) and fed either a basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 200\u2009mg\/kg lycopene (LYC) for 21 d under controlled temperature and humidity with ad libitum access to feed and water. Growth performance was analyzed by GLM with initial BW as a covariate (pen as the experimental unit), whereas antioxidant\/immune indices were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey\u2019s test (bird as the experimental unit). Microbiota \u03b2-diversity was evaluated using Bray\u2013Curtis distance with ordination (PCoA\/NMDS) and permutation-based testing. Microbiota correlations were FDR-corrected. Differences were considered significant at P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05. Compared with CON, LYC increased final body weight (2.77 vs. 2.29\u2009kg, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), average daily gain (66.67 vs. 43.80\u2009g\/d, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), and reduced feed conversion ratio (4.38 vs. 6.22, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Lycopene improved antioxidant status, as indicated by higher serum CAT activity (day 21: 32.8 vs. 26.3, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), T-AOC (day 21: 6.0 vs. 3.7, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), and lower serum MDA (day 21: 3.9 vs. 6.1, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01); jejunal CAT was also higher at Day 21 (33.3 vs. 26.1, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Lycopene altered immune-related biomarkers, increasing serum IgA (day 21: 1.02 vs. 0.85, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), IgM (day 21: 0.90 vs. 0.80, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), and lysozyme activity (day 21: 20.3 vs. 18.3, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), while decreasing IL-6 (day 21: 20.3 vs. 23.4, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and IFN-\u03b3 (day 21: 10.7 vs. 13.7, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Intestinal morphology was improved, with higher villus height-crypt depth ratios in the duodenum (day 21: 4.19 vs. 3.58, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), jejunum (day 21: 4.34 vs. 3.99, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and ileum (day 21: 4.06 vs. 3.77, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Cecal microbiota differed between groups, with a higher relative abundance of Bacteroidota in LYC (47.96% vs. 41.35%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and a positive correlation with serum T-AOC (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Functional prediction (PICRUSt2) suggested enrichment of nitrogen metabolism and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways in LYC. Overall, dietary lycopene at 200\u2009mg\/kg improved growth performance and was associated with enhanced antioxidant capacity and shifts in immune-related biomarkers, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota in geese.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skag085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T12:47:12Z","timestamp":1773924432000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dietary lycopene improves growth performance, antioxidant capacity, alters immune-related biomarkers and gut microbiota in growing geese"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Mengyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Heilongjiang, Daqing 163319,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Heilongjiang, Daqing 163319,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yansong","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Heilongjiang, Daqing 163319,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongri","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Heilongjiang, Daqing 163319,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiasan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University , Heilongjiang, Daqing 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