{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:19:52Z","timestamp":1778084392138,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"dsm-firmenich Nutritional Products Ltd."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>3-Nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) has been recognized as an effective feed additive to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions in ruminants. The current experiment evaluated the effects of supplementation of Bovaer\u00ae10 (diluted preparation of 3-NOP, minimum 10% w\/w) on enteric CH4 emissions in Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) steers. Twelve Hanwoo steers (average body weight 342\u2009\u00b1\u200917\u2009kg) were divided into three groups of four steers balanced for body weight. Within each group, steers were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments in a crossover design, receiving each treatment in a different period of 32\u2009d. The treatments were: 1) CON, 500\u2009g\/kg dry matter (DM) timothy hay and 500\u2009g\/kg DM commercial concentrate; 2) NOP100, CON diet supplemented with 100\u2009mg of 3-NOP per kg dietary DM; 3) NOP150, CON diet supplemented with 150\u2009mg of 3-NOP per kg dietary DM. Gas emissions (CH4 and carbon dioxide [CO2]) were measured using the whole-body respiratory chambers (RC). Compared to control, NOP100 and NOP150 decreased CH4 absolute emissions by 21.9% and 29.5% (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) and CH4 yield (g\/kg DM intake [DMI]) by 22.9% and 27.7% (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), respectively. The proportion of gross energy intake lost as CH4 (Ym) decreased (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) by 22.8% and 27.6% in NOP100 and NOP150, respectively. NOP150 diet slightly decreased DMI of the steers both in the barn (2.5%; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) and in the RCs (3.3%; P\u2009=\u20090.06). However, no negative effect (P\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05) on final body weight, average daily gain, or gain-to-feed ratio was observed. Increased (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) ruminal pH and decreased total volatile fatty acid and ammonia concentration was noted in 3-NOP fed animals in a dose-dependent manner after 2\u2009h of feeding. The increase (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) in molar proportions of butyrate and propionate and decrease (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) in acetate: propionate ratio, respectively, clearly reflected a shift in the ruminal H2 sink in 3-NOP-fed animals. Overall, supplementing 3-NOP to ruminant diets decreased CH4 emissions without any adverse effects on the performance of Hanwoo steers at the tested levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skag096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T11:38:01Z","timestamp":1776339481000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane emissions, rumen fermentation, and performance of Hanwoo steers fed an early fattening stage diet"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Rajaraman","family":"Bharanidharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University , Pyeongchang, 25354,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byamungu Mayange","family":"Tomple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Animal Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Animal Genetic Resources Research Center , Hamyang, 50000,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis F M","family":"Tamassia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dsm-firmenich Nutritional Products Ltd , Kaiseraugst, CH-4303,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woohyeong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University , Pyeongchang, 25354,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Woosung Feed Co., Ltd Central Research Institute, , Daejeon, 34379,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee Yeon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dsm-firmenich Nutritional Products Ltd , Seoul, 07320,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reto","family":"Zihlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dsm-firmenich Nutritional Products Ltd , Kaiseraugst, CH-4303,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maik","family":"Kindermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dsm-firmenich Nutritional Products Ltd , Kaiseraugst, CH-4303,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seokman","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Woosung Feed Co., Ltd Central Research Institute, , Daejeon, 34379,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoung Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University , Pyeongchang, 25354,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050612015487400_skag096-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2005.9695192","article-title":"Non esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in dairy cattle. 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