{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:50:03Z","timestamp":1790736603876,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":148,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>F18 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes post-weaning diarrhea in nursery pigs, with susceptibility determined by a polymorphism in the \u03b1(1,2)-fucosyltransferase (FUT1) gene at nucleotide M307, where FUT1-M307A\/A pigs are deemed F18 resistant and FUT1-M307G\/A and FUT1-M307G\/G pigs are deemed F18 susceptible to bacterial attachment. This post hoc analysis evaluated the effect of FUT1 genotype on disease susceptibility following F18 ETEC challenge over 3 experiments. It was hypothesized that FUT1 susceptible pigs (G\/G and G\/A) would incur greater F18 attachment than FUT1 resistant pigs (A\/A). In Exp. 1 and 2, 194 pigs (5.79\u2009\u00b1\u20091.02\u2009kg BW; 12% FUT1-M307G\/G, 52% FUT1-M307G\/A, 36% FUT1-M307A\/A) were allocated to pens (6 pigs\/pen), and half were orally inoculated with \u223c1\u2009\u00d7\u2009109 CFU\/mL F18 ETEC on d 10 (d-post infection [dpi] 0). Individual pig body weights (BW) were recorded on dpi \u221210, 0, 5, 12, and 28 to calculate growth rates. In Exp. 3, 18 individually housed pigs (5.68\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51\u2009kg BW; 6% FUT1-M307G\/G, 65% FUT1-M307G\/A, 29% FUT1-M307A\/A) were inoculated on d 10 (dpi 0) with \u223c1\u2009\u00d7\u2009107\u2013109 CFU\/mL and euthanized at dpi 5 for collection of ileal tissue and digesta to evaluate ileal F18 ETEC attachment, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) abundance, and F18 gene abundance. From dpi 0 to 5, growth rates were reduced by 58.9% and 62.2% in FUT1-M307G\/A and FUT1-M307G\/G pigs, respectively, compared with unchallenged controls, whereas FUT1-M307A\/A pigs growth rates were unaffected (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001). Over the entire post-infection period (dpi 0\u201328), growth rate and mortality did not differ between genotypes or F18 ETEC challenge (P\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.10). Ileal F18 attachment tended to be greatest in G\/G pigs compared with G\/A and A\/A pigs (2.6%, 1.2%, 0.1, respectively; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.10). Ileal CFTR abundance was greater in G\/G relative to G\/A and A\/A pigs (3.1%, 1.1%, 0.3%, respectively; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Ileal F18 gene abundance tended to be highest in G\/G pigs (21.7) compared with G\/A (18.0) and A\/A (12.7) pigs (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.10). In conclusion, FUT1 genetic polymorphisms G\/G and G\/A can increase susceptibility to F18 ETEC infection, warranting further investigation into interactions with other intestinal microbes, and representing a promising target for genetic selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skag175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T11:43:27Z","timestamp":1779968607000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>FUT1<\/i>\n                    genetic polymorphism influences susceptibility to F18 enterotoxigenic\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    infection in pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8465-6647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitchell J","family":"Nisley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University , Ames, IA 50011,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth M","family":"Due","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University , Ames, IA 50011,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7283-4782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas K","family":"Gabler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University , Ames, IA 50011,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4747-9189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric R","family":"Burrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, IA 50011,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061203223897000_skag175-B1","volume-title":"Guide for the care and use of agricultural animals in research and teaching","author":"American Dairy Science Association, American Society of Animal Science, and Poultry Science Association","year":"2020","edition":"4th"},{"key":"2026061203223897000_skag175-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-011-9441-9","article-title":"Polymorphism of M307 of the FUT1 gene and its relationship with immune indexes in Sutai pigs (Duroc \u00d7 Meishan)","volume":"49","author":"Bao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem Genet"},{"key":"2026061203223897000_skag175-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2052.2011.02287.x","article-title":"Microarray analysis of differential gene expression in sensitive and resistant pigs to Escherichia coli F18","volume":"43","author":"Bao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim Genet"},{"key":"2026061203223897000_skag175-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2012.01.035","article-title":"Age-dependent tissue expression of FUT1 gene in pigs and its relationship to E. coli F18 receptor expression","volume":"497","author":"Bao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2026061203223897000_skag175-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"2026061203223897000_skag175-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"skaa113","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa113","article-title":"Effects of an F18 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge on growth performance, immunological status, and gastrointestinal structure of weaned pigs and the protective effect of direct-fed microbial blends","volume":"98","author":"Becker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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