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Sixty Brangus steers (body weight [BW] = 250\u2009\u00b1\u200931.5\u2009kg) were assigned to one of two treatments (six pastures per treatment; five steers\/pasture): 1) Control (no Cr) or 2) Cr (0.01\u2009mg of Cr\/kg of BW). Chromium propionate was top-dressed onto soybean hulls, which were offered at 0.7% BW\/day. Bermudagrass hay was provided ad libitum. Steers were vaccinated on d 0, and BW and blood samples were collected on d 0, 22, and 59, with rumen fluid collected on d 0 and 56. Liver Cr concentrations tended to be greater (P\u2009=\u20090.08) in Cr vs. Control steers. Rumen fluid concentrations of acetate and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) tended to be greater (P\u2009=\u20090.09), whereas molar proportions of isovalerate were less (P\u2009=\u20090.04), and isobutyrate and valerate tended to be less (P\u2009=\u20090.10) in Cr vs. Control steers. At the phylum level, the richness tended to be greater (P\u2009=\u20090.10) in Cr vs. Control steers. At the genus level, the abundance of Prevotella was less (P\u2009=\u20090.05), and Eubacterium, Roseburia and Anaerobutyricum tended to be greater (P\u2009\u2264\u20090.09) in Cr vs. Control steers. Serum insulin tended to be less (P\u2009=\u20090.08), and cortisol was less (P\u2009=\u20090.05) on d 22 in Cr vs. Control steers. Additionally, serum glucose tended to be less (P\u2009=\u20090.10), independent of day, in Cr vs. Control steers. Serum parainfluenza-3 (PI3) virus titer concentrations tended to be greater (P\u2009=\u20090.10), independent of day, in Cr vs. Control steers. Serum bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) titer concentration was greater (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) seroconversion tended to be greater (P\u2009=\u20090.09) on d 22 in Cr vs. Control steers. Additionally, the seroconversion for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) tended to be greater (P\u2009=\u20090.09) on d 59 in Cr vs. Control steers. Exit scores from the squeeze chute were less (P\u2009=\u20090.04) on d 22 and 59, and the exit velocity tended to be less (P\u2009=\u20090.08) on d 22, in Cr vs. Control steers. Average daily gain was greater (P\u2009=\u20090.03) from d 0 to 22 but similar thereafter (P\u2009=\u20090.13) in Cr vs. Control steers. Thus, Cr supplementation shifted rumen fermentation toward greater fiber-derived VFA production, improved vaccine-induced immune responses, reduced stress, and enhanced early-phase growth during preconditioning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skag203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T20:00:02Z","timestamp":1783281602000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chromium propionate supplementation modulates rumen fermentation, immune response, temperament, and growth of recently weaned Brangus steers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Hiam","family":"Marcon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, Louisiana State University , Alexandria, LA 71302,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Animal Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University , Jaboticabal, 14884-900,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Ag\u00eancia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agroneg\u00f3cios , Colina, 14770-000,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matheus F L","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana State University , Homer, LA 71040,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley K","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, Louisiana State University , Alexandria, LA 71302,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana State University , Homer, LA 71040,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o V","family":"Chinaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dean Lee Research and Extension Center, Louisiana State University , Alexandria, LA 71302,","place":["United 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