{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:26:52Z","timestamp":1788791212942,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mushroom complex (MC) is a blend of mushroom water extracts including \u03b2-glucans and bovine colostrum that may provide benefits to cats. The objective of this study was to test the effects of MC supplementation on gut health and immune function outcomes of adult cats. Twenty healthy adult cats (7.40\u2009\u00b1\u20091.54\u2009yr old; 4.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.62\u2009kg) were used in a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study using a completely randomized design. After a 3-wk wash-in phase, cats were assigned to one of two treatment groups (n\u2009=\u200910\/group) and fed for 12 wk: placebo consisting of cellulose, rice bran, liver, and natural food coloring or MC consisting of mushroom (turkey tail mushroom, red reishi, and lion\u2019s mane) water extracts and bovine colostrum. Each treatment (900\u2009mg\/d) was top-dressed on the diet. Fecal samples [characteristics, metabolites, microbiota, immunoglobulin (Ig) A] and blood samples (serum chemistry, hematology, oxidative stress markers, immunoglobulins) were collected after the wash-in phase (wk 0) and after 6 and 12 wk. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX model of SAS, with P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05 accepted as significant and P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.10 as trends. Fecal characteristics (pH, dry matter, scores, frequency) were not affected by treatment, but treatment-time interactions (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) were observed for serum IgA and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Serum IgA increased over time in controls but decreased over time in cats fed MC. Serum BUN tended to increase in all cats over time but to a higher level in cats fed MC. Serum triglycerides were lower (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) in cats fed MC. Fecal ammonia, isovalerate, and total branched-chain fatty acids were greater (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) in cats fed MC than controls. A treatment-time interaction (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) was observed for alpha diversity measures (Fisher\u2019s Alpha, Shannon Diversity Index, and Observed Features), with all being reduced over time but to a lower extent in cats fed MC. The weighted PCoA plot for fecal beta diversity highlighted a significant treatment-time interaction, with some shifts in the microbiome being observed. The relative abundance of fecal Ruminococcus torques remained fairly stable over time in controls but increased in cats fed MC, while fecal Fusobacterium remained stable in cats fed MC but decreased in controls. Over 30 bacterial genera were affected by time. Our results suggest that without affecting fecal characteristics, MC supplementation slightly modified fecal microbiota and metabolite concentrations and reduced serum triglycerides in cats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skag259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T11:14:17Z","timestamp":1786706057000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of a mushroom-based \u03b2-glucan blend on the gastrointestinal health and immune function of healthy adult cats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Milan G","family":"Broughton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2473-1791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia M","family":"Oba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2167-7358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio C","family":"Mioto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura L","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha A","family":"Koziol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Standard Process , Palmyra, WI 53156,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinmayee","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Standard Process , Palmyra, WI 53156,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirin","family":"Pourafshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Standard Process , Palmyra, WI 53156,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2538-2845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan N","family":"Dilger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8830-7506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brett R","family":"Loman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5518-3076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly S","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090709284189500_skag259-B1","volume-title":"Official publication. 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