{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:00:03Z","timestamp":1784300403850,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Forensic Service","award":["NFS 2017\u20132019, DNT02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NFS 2017\u20132019, DNT02"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012261","name":"Ministry of the Interior and Safety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Selegiline (SE) is a selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor, used for reducing symptoms in early-stage Parkinson\u2019s disease. The metabolites of SE include l-methamphetamine, l-amphetamine and desmethylselegiline (DSE). The stereoisomers of SE metabolites, d-methamphetamine and d-amphetamine are highly addictive psychostimulants and some of the most abused drugs in South Korea. In order to differentiate medical SE users form illicit methamphetamine abusers, it is important to distinguish between the l-isomers and d-isomers in urine samples. A 52-year-old male, seemingly under the influence of intoxication and demonstrating abnormal behavior, was reported to the police. The initial urine test using a methamphetamine detection kit demonstrated a positive result. Given the initial results, the police officer requested a further analysis of the urine sample. The urine sample was screened using headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC\u2013MS). Both methamphetamine and amphetamine were detected, in addition to SE and DSE. To quantitate methamphetamine and amphetamine by HS-SPME-GC\u2013MS, we performed a standard addition method due to the matrix effect of the case sample. Consistent with previous studies, our results indicated that the ratio of amphetamine to methamphetamine was 0.27, which was in the range of SE ingestion. Furthermore, we confirmed l-methamphetamine and l-amphetamine by chiral derivatization using (R)-(\u2212)-\u03b1-methoxy-\u03b1-(trifluoromethyl) phenylacetyl chloride.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkaa058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T06:20:04Z","timestamp":1590992404000},"page":"99-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Detection of <i>l<\/i>-Methamphetamine and <i>l<\/i>-Amphetamine as Selegiline Metabolites"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Ilchung","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Jiyangro 139, Yangchungu, Seoul 08036, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeyoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Jiyangro 139, Yangchungu, Seoul 08036, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seojin","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Jiyangro 139, Yangchungu, Seoul 08036, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Jiyangro 139, Yangchungu, Seoul 08036, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuran","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Jiyangro 139, Yangchungu, Seoul 08036, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wonkyung","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Jiyangro 139, Yangchungu, Seoul 08036, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867321666131218094352","article-title":"Metabolism of selegiline[(\u2212)-Deprenyl]","volume":"21","author":"Kalasz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1997.tb04342.x","article-title":"Desmethylselegiline, a metabolite of selegiline, is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type B in humans","volume":"37","author":"Heinonen","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01981508","article-title":"Toxicological detection of selegiline and its metabolites in urine using fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and differentiation by enantioselective GC-MS of the intake of selegiline from abuse of methamphetamine or amphetamine","volume":"66","author":"Maurer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Archives of Toxicology"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi.128.1507","article-title":"Detection of levorotatory methamphetamine and levorotatory amphetamine in urine after ingestion of an overdose of selegiline","volume":"128","author":"Fujita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Yakugaku Zasshi"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1126\/science.168.3938.1487","article-title":"Amphetamine: Differentiation by d and l isomers of behavior involving brain norepinephrine or dopamine","volume":"168","author":"Taylor","year":"1970","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2568","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of selegiline, R-methamphetamine, R-amphetamine, and desmethylselegiline in oral fluid after a single oral administration of selegiline","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Testing and Analysis"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00218a019","article-title":"Solid phase microextraction with thermal desorption using fused silica optical fibers","volume":"62","author":"Arthur","year":"1992","journal-title":"Analytical Chemistry"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.07.019","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of selegiline and desmethylselegiline in human body fluids by headspace solid-phase microextration and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"844","author":"Kuriki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatorgraphy B"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.10.015","article-title":"A validated SPME-GC\/MS method for simultaneous quantification of club drugs in human urine","volume":"171","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.07.045","article-title":"Chiral drug analysis using mass spectrometric detection relevant to research and practice in clinical and forensic toxicology","volume":"1269","author":"Schwaninger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.10.037","article-title":"Stereoselective method development and validation for determination of concentrations of amphetamine-type stimulants and metabolites in human urine using a simultaneous extraction-chiral derivatization approach","volume":"879","author":"Raihana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography B"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.05.011","article-title":"Chiral separation and quantification of R\/S-amphetamine, R\/S-methamphetamine, R\/S-MDA, R\/S-MDMA, and R\/S-MDEA in whole blood by GC-EI-MS","volume":"842","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography B"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2019.02.002","article-title":"Standard addition method with cumulative addition: Monte Carlo uncertainty evaluation","volume":"1059","author":"Dadamos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.05.021","article-title":"Validation of new methods","volume":"165","author":"Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.919","article-title":"Stereochemicalanalysis of 3,4-metylenedioxymethamphetamine and its main metabolites by gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry","volume":"17","author":"Pizarro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/28.6.449","article-title":"Enantiomeric separation and quantitation of (\u00b1)-amphetamine, (\u00b1)-methamphetamine, (\u00b1)-MDA, (\u00b1)-MDMA, and (\u00b1)-MDEA in urine specimens by GC-EI-MS after derivatization with (R)-(\u2212)- or (S)-(+)-\u03b1-methoxy-\u03b1-(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetyl chloride(MTPA)","volume":"28","author":"Paul","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/29.7.652","article-title":"Quantitative and isomeric determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine from urine using a nonprotic elution solvent and R(\u2212)-\u03b1-methoxy-\u03b1-trifuloromethylphenylacetic acid chloride derivatization","volume":"29","author":"Holler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)00109-6","article-title":"Evidence for selectivity of absorption of volatile organic compounds by a polydimethylsiloxane solid-phase microextraction fibre","volume":"885","author":"Nieziella","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography. A"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(02)00222-4","article-title":"Dynamic versus static sampling for the quantitative analysis of volatile organic compounds in air with polydimethylsiloxane-carboxen solid-phase microextraction fibers","volume":"963","author":"Tuduri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2005.01.013","article-title":"Application of the standard addition approach for the quantification of urinary benzene","volume":"818","author":"Basilicata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography B"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(99)00015-8","article-title":"Stereoselective analyses of selegiline metabolites: Possibly urinary markers for selegiline therapy","volume":"101","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"2021020912454782800_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/30.4.232","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of methamphetamine and amphetamine enantiomers, desmethylselegiline and selegiline, in hair samples of long-term methamphetamine abusers or selegiline users","volume":"30","author":"Nishida","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Analytical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jat\/bkaa058\/33472423\/bkaa058.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/45\/1\/99\/36218354\/bkaa058.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/45\/1\/99\/36218354\/bkaa058.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T06:37:12Z","timestamp":1612939032000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article\/45\/1\/99\/5849056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkaa058","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-4760","1945-2403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-4760","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-2403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]}}}