{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T18:05:47Z","timestamp":1773511547610,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In spite of a decreasing number of new releases, new synthetic opioids (NSOs) are gaining increasing importance in postmortem (PM) forensic toxicology. For the interpretation of analytical results, toxicokinetic (TK) data, e.g., on tissue distribution, are helpful. Concerning NSOs, such data are usually not available due to the lack of controlled human studies. Hence, a controlled TK study using pigs was carried out, and the tissue distribution of U-47700 and tramadol as reference was examined. Twelve pigs received an intravenous dose of 100\u2009\u00b5g\/kg body weight (BW) U-47700 or 1,000\u2009\u00b5g\/kg BW tramadol. Eight hours after administration, the animals were put to death with T61. Relevant organs, body fluids and tissues were sampled. After homogenization and solid-phase extraction, quantification was performed applying standard addition and liquid chromatography--tandem mass spectrometry. At the time of death, the two parent compounds were determined in all analyzed specimens. Regarding U-47700, concentrations were highest in duodenum content, bile fluid and adipose tissue (AT). Concerning tramadol, next to bile fluid and duodenum content, highest concentrations were determined in the lung. Regarding the metabolites, N-desmethyl-U-47700 and O-desmethyltramadol (ODT) were detected in all analyzed specimens except for AT (ODT). Higher metabolite concentrations were found in specimens involved in metabolism. N-desmethyl-U-47700 showed much higher concentrations in routinely analyzed organs (lung, liver and kidney) than U-47700. To conclude, besides the routinely analyzed specimens in PM toxicology such as blood, urine or standard specimens like kidney or liver, AT, bile fluid and duodenum content could serve as alternative matrices. In case of U-47700, quantification of the main metabolite N-desmethyl-U-47700 is highly recommendable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkab044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T13:28:20Z","timestamp":1620221300000},"page":"479-486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Perimortem Distribution of U-47700, Tramadol and Their Main Metabolites in Pigs Following Intravenous Administration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Frederike","family":"Nordmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 49.1, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian A","family":"Doerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 49.1, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Potente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 49.1, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadja","family":"Walle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 49.1, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias W","family":"Laschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Building 65\/66, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D","family":"Menger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Building 65\/66, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter H","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 49.1, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus R","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Building 46, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5589-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 49.1, Homburg 66421, Saarland, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022052020434069700_R1","article-title":"EMCDDA: European Monitoring Center of Drugs and Drug Addiction","author":"European Drug Report \u2013 Trends and Developments","year":"2019"},{"key":"2022052020434069700_R2","article-title":"U-47700 Critical Review Report Agenda Item 4.1. 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