{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:43:01Z","timestamp":1790912581765,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Finance, PR China","award":["GY2021G-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GY2021G-6"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81901921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21DZ1200600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21DZ1200600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17DZ2273200 \/ 19DZ2292700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17DZ2273200 \/ 19DZ2292700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In forensic toxicology, hair has become a hot biological material for drug testing due to its wider detection window and noninvasive sampling process compared to traditional liquid biological materials (e.g., blood and urine). However, hair as a matrix differs from body fluids, as it is not as easily aliquoted for analysis. Nevertheless, pretreatment methods for hair detection have gradually improved from the first chemical methods, such as alkali digestion and acid hydrolysis, to now include the physical method of pulverization and further improvements beyond \u201cpulverization\u201d protocols. In a previous study, we updated and developed a \u201cmicropulverized extraction\u201d method. In the present study, our aim was to gain a more complete understanding of the \u201cmicropulverized extraction\u201d method by comparing pulverization temperature and hair particle size, as these two factors are known to influence the effectiveness of sample processing. The analytes we selected were those commonly encountered in traditional drug abuse cases: (\u00b1)-methamphetamine, (\u00b1)-amphetamine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, (--)-\u22069-tetrahydrocannabinol, ketamine, (\u00b1)-norketamine and (\u00b1)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. The analysis method was liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkad001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]],"date-time":"2023-01-08T04:52:28Z","timestamp":1673153548000},"page":"346-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pulverization Is a Crucial Step\u2014A Comparative Study of Different Pretreatments in Hair Drug Testing"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science , No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7212-0421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science , No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science , No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaojiao","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science , No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science , No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, 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