{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T04:38:23Z","timestamp":1781584703460,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA044207 R01DA057289"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA044207 R01DA057289"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA044207 R01DA057289"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA044207 R01DA057289"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cup","award":["D13C22003520001 I55E22000320001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D13C22003520001 I55E22000320001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A new class of synthetic cannabinoids called OXIZIDs has emerged in recent years. This class consists of compounds with oxindole cores and hydrazide\/hydrazone linker moieties and has often been described as being designed to circumvent a Chinese class-wide ban that was effective as of 1 July 2021. However, through hair testing of nightclub attendees in New York City\u2014a high-risk population for recreational drug use\u2014we have evidence suggesting exposures to an OXIZID called BZO-4en-POXIZID (4en-pentyl MDA-19) prior to the effective ban. Through analysis of 6\u2009cm segmented hair samples from attendees collected in 2021, we detected five cases of exposure. Specifically, we detected a cluster of three cases based on hair samples collected on 20 June 2021, and then two additional cases from samples collected on 16 July 2021. Four of these hair samples were long enough to analyze two 6\u2009cm hair segments (representing approximately two 6-month timeframes) and three of four of these cases tested positive for repeated exposure (for an estimated exposure over 6 months prior to hair collection). All cases included young adult females reporting past-year cannabis use but all tested negative for tetrahydrocannabinol exposure. Three cases also reported past-year use of cocaine, ecstasy, and\/or ketamine, and four cases tested positive for exposure to cocaine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methamphetamine and\/or eutylone. These subjects were exposed to BZO-4en-POXIZID\u2014likely as an adulterant in other drugs, and these cases are among the first documented cases which occurred approximately half a year before the Chinese legislative ban.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkad086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T22:59:55Z","timestamp":1699570795000},"page":"75-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Five cases of\u00a0unintentional exposure to BZO-4en-POXIZID among nightclub attendees in\u00a0New York City"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8565-9415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph J","family":"Palamar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , 180 Madison Avenue, Room 1752, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Massano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , via Giuria 5, Turin 10125, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Salomone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , via Giuria 5, Turin 10125, Italy"},{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping , Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO) 10043, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024033015084104100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3185","article-title":"Identification of\u00a0AD-18, 5F-MDA-19, and\u00a0pentyl MDA-19 in\u00a0seized materials after the class-wide ban of\u00a0synthetic cannabinoids in\u00a0China","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Testing and Analysis"},{"key":"2024033015084104100_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkad016","article-title":"Systematic in\u00a0vitro metabolic profiling of\u00a0the OXIZID synthetic cannabinoids BZO-4en-POXIZID, BZO-POXIZID, 5F-BZO-POXIZID, BZO-HEXOXIZID and\u00a0BZO-CHMOXIZID","volume":"47","author":"Watanabe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"2024033015084104100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3283","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptor activation potential of\u00a0the next generation, generic ban evading OXIZID synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists","volume":"14","author":"Deventer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Testing and 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