{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:24:32Z","timestamp":1787009072637,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Coca tea is a popular drink in some countries of South America, where it is presented as a safe energy preparation, based on a limited total content of cocaine of \u223c3\u20135\u2009mg. Tea bags can be bought with no legal considerations in these countries both by locals and tourists, but its consumption can have consequences when consumed overseas. Driving under the influence of cocaine is banned in most of the places in the world and can be documented by oral fluid testing. A study was implemented with coca tea bags (Coca &amp; Muna) purchased in Peru, after a French attorney-at-law contacted the laboratory to assess the involvement of coca tea in the positive oral fluid results of a driver. Ten healthy volunteers consumed 250\u2009mL of coca tea containing 4.5\u2009mg of cocaine. No volunteer reported any change in behavioral effects after consumption of the coca tea. Oral fluid was collected with a swab (FloqSwab\u2122, Copan) over 8\u2009h to follow the elimination of cocaine and its major metabolites (benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methylester). This is the procedure used by the French police. All samples were analyzed by UHPLC\u2013MS-MS after Quantisal\u2122 buffer desorption. As the device does not allow measurement of the amount of collected fluid, the results are qualitative. This is in accordance with the French law that requires a yes or no response about the presence of cocaine, with a minimum required performance level of 10\u2009ng\/mL of cocaine or benzoylecgonine. Parent cocaine was identified for 30\u2013120\u2009min. Benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methylester were identified between 1 and 8\u2009h, with a large inter-individual variation. Although it is generally accepted that a 4\u20135\u2009mg cocaine dose has no significant pharmacological effect, the consumption of coca tea can lead to the suspension of a person\u2019s driving license due to a positive oral fluid test.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkad093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T10:55:39Z","timestamp":1703760939000},"page":"388-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Window of detection of cocaine-related alkaloids in oral fluid collected with the FloqSwab\u2122 after coca tea consumption"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Aknouche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Barla , 6 rue Barla, Nice 06000,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Trebuchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Barla , 6 rue Barla, Nice 06000,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00e9vin","family":"Fargeot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Barla , 6 rue Barla, Nice 06000,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Kormazyigit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Barla , 6 rue Barla, Nice 06000,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laureen","family":"Thion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Barla , 6 rue Barla, Nice 06000,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Maruejouls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Barla , 6 rue Barla, Nice 06000,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4174-5362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Kintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de M\u00e9decine L\u00e9gale , 11 rue Humann, Strasbourg F-67000,","place":["France"]},{"name":"X-Pertise Consulting , 42 rue principale, Mittelhausbergen F-67206,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024110408354159700_R1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 13 d\u00e9cembre 2016 fixant les modalit\u00e9s du d\u00e9pistage des substances t\u00e9moignant de l\u2019usage de stup\u00e9fiants, et des analyses et examens pr\u00e9vus par le code de la route et abrogeant l\u2019arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 5 septembre 2001 modifi\u00e9 fixant les modalit\u00e9s du d\u00e9pistage des substances t\u00e9moignant de l\u2019usage de stup\u00e9fiants, et des analyses et examens pr\u00e9vus par le code de la route","author":"R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal Officiel de la R\u00e9publique Fran\u00e7aise"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2563","article-title":"Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous detection of 10 illicit drugs in oral fluid collected with FLOQSwabs\u2122 and application to real samples","volume":"11","author":"Fabresse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Testing and Analysis"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxac.2020.09.037","article-title":"Etude de stabilit\u00e9 de stup\u00e9fiants recueillis sur \u00e9couvillon salivaire FLOQSwabs\u00ae","volume":"32","author":"Nassibou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicologie Analytique Et Clinique"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxac.2022.04.001","article-title":"Generalization des analyses salivaires dans un context routier: difficult\u00e9s rencontr\u00e9es depuis 5 ans, synth\u00e8se des r\u00e9sultats d\u2019une enqu\u00eate r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 2021 aupr\u00e8s de toxicologues de la SFTA exer\u00e7ant sur le territoire national","volume":"34","author":"Dumestre-Toulet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxicologie Analytique Et Clinique"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R5","article-title":"Trends in drivers testing positive for drugs of abuse in oral fluid from 2018 to 2021 in France","volume":"352","author":"Willman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bky076","article-title":"Development of a reliable method for assessing coca alkaloids in oral fluid by HPLC-MS-MS","volume":"43","author":"Rubio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R7","article-title":"Cocaine in herbal tea","volume":"255","author":"Siegel","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(95)01860-3","article-title":"Identification and quantification of alkaloids in coca tea","volume":"77","author":"Jenkins","year":"1996","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkaa190","article-title":"Analysis of cocaine and its metabolites in urine after consumption of coca tea by five subjects and subsequent hair testing","volume":"46","author":"Feisthauer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(94)01085-Y","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of cocaine in humans: laboratory studies","volume":"37","author":"Foltin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244943","article-title":"Acute behavioral and cardiac effects of cocaine and alcohol combinations in human","volume":"111","author":"Higgins","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"2024110408354159700_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e3181f2b729","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of cocaine and metabolites in human oral fluid and correlation with plasma concentrations after controlled administration","volume":"32","author":"Scheidweiler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Therapeutic Drug Monitoring"}],"container-title":["Journal of Analytical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jat\/bkad093\/56343747\/bkad093.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/48\/5\/388\/60385986\/bkad093.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article-pdf\/48\/5\/388\/60385986\/bkad093.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T03:35:51Z","timestamp":1730691351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article\/48\/5\/388\/7503390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkad093","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-4760","1945-2403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-4760","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-2403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]}}}