{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:07:05Z","timestamp":1776830825871,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bku016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]],"date-time":"2014-04-11T23:57:22Z","timestamp":1397260642000},"page":"289-294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Unexpected Variation of the Codeine\/Morphine Ratio Following Fatal Heroin Overdose"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Veniero","family":"Gambaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Argo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Cippitelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Dell'Acqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiorenza","family":"Far\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rino","family":"Froldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Guerrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Roda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Rusconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Procaccianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C1","volume-title":"Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man","year":"2011","edition":"9th edition"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2174\/157488406775268219","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic variability of heroin and its metabolites: review of the literature","volume":"1","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C3","volume-title":"Principles of Forensic Toxicology","year":"2010","edition":"3rd edition"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C4","volume-title":"Clarke's Analysis of Drugs and Poisons in Pharmaceuticals, Body Fluids and Postmortem Material","year":"2011","edition":"4th edition"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.96811135.x","article-title":"Heroin overdose: causes and consequences","volume":"96","year":"2001","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1999.9479612.x","article-title":"Mechanisms of fatal opioid overdose","volume":"94","year":"1999","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2003.00330.x","article-title":"Use of morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine in blood for the evaluation of possible risk factors for sudden death in 192 heroin users","volume":"98","year":"2003","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C8","first-page":"973","article-title":"\u2018Heroin overdose\u2019 is often the truer description","volume":"94","year":"1999","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C9","first-page":"464","article-title":"Identification of 6-monoacetylmorphine, as an indication of heroin abuse","volume":"39","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Medicinae Legalis et Socialis (Liege)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1177\/096032718900800609","article-title":"Toxicological data after heroin overdose","volume":"8","year":"1989","journal-title":"Human Toxicology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/23.7.570","article-title":"The role of alcohol abuse in the etiology of heroin-related deaths. Evidence for pharmacokinetic interactions between heroin and alcohol","volume":"23","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.03.032","article-title":"Distribution of drugs within specific regions of the human brain","volume":"170","year":"2007","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C13","volume-title":"Drugs-of-Abuse Testing in Brain in A. Jenkins \u2018Drug Testing in Alternate Biological Specimens\u2019","year":"2008"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/34.8.491","article-title":"Evaluating the relationship between postmortem and antemortem morphine and codeine concentrations in whole blood","volume":"34","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-7-199904060-00019","article-title":"Acute heroin overdose","volume":"130","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2012.04.001","article-title":"Development and validation of a reliable method for studying the distribution pattern for opiates metabolites in brain","volume":"73","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170720043427_BKU016C17","article-title":"SAMHSA-Compliant LC\/MS\/MS Analysis of Opiates (Morphine and Codeine) in Urine with Agilent Bond Elute Plexa PCX and Agilent Poroshell 120"}],"container-title":["Journal of Analytical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T04:34:35Z","timestamp":1500525275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jat\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/jat\/bku016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bku016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-4760","1945-2403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-4760","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-2403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]]}}}