{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:24:31Z","timestamp":1787009071433,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministers Council, Department of Antidrug Policy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sampling and drug stability in oral fluid (OF) are crucial factors when interpreting forensic toxicological analysis, mainly because samples may not be analyzed immediately after collection, potentially altering drug concentrations. Therefore, the stability of some common drugs of abuse (morphine, codeine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ketamine) and the more commonly consumed new psychoactive substances in our environment (mephedrone, and N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide 5F-AKB48 also known as 5F-APINACA) was investigated in an OF pool for the presence and absence of M3 Reagent Buffer\u00ae up to 1\u00a0year of storage. Fortified OF samples were stored at three different temperatures (room temperature, 4 and \u221220\u00b0C) to determine the best storage conditions over time. Control fortified OF samples were stored at \u221280\u00b0C for reference purposes. Compounds with concentration changes within \u00b115% of initial value were considered stable. The drugs were significantly more stable in M3 Reagent Buffer\u00ae than in neat OF samples in all storage conditions. All analytes were stable for 1\u00a0year at 4\u00b0C and \u221220\u00b0C in M3 Reagent Buffer\u00ae. Drugs stability in OF varied depending on the analyte, the presence of a stabilizer, the storage duration and temperature. When immediate sample analysis is not possible, we suggest to store OF samples at 4 or \u221220\u00b0C and test them within 2\u00a0weeks. Alternatively, OF samples may be stored at 4 or \u221220\u00b0C with M3 Reagent Buffer\u00ae to be tested within 1\u00a0year.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkz114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]],"date-time":"2020-02-06T15:09:30Z","timestamp":1581001770000},"page":"570-579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Stability and Degradation Pathways of Different Psychoactive Drugs in Neat and in Buffered Oral Fluid"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Emilia","family":"Marchei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Malaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center in Health Sciences (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, rua Marques de Avila e Bolama, 6299-001,Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmaceutical -Toxicology \u2013 UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, rua Marques de Avila e Bolama, 6299-001,Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Graziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Gottardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Toxicology, Comedical Srl., Via della Cooperazione 27, 38123, Trento, Italy and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Pichini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco 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