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Aging and insulin resistance synergistically compromise the functional integrity of the adipose and skeletal muscles. During aging, the adipose tissue exhibits impaired progenitor differentiation, chronic inflammation, fibrotic remodeling and loss of thermogenic capacity. Skeletal muscles also exhibit changes, including satellite cell decline, mitochondrial dysfunction, defective protein turnover and progressive sarcopenia. These changes diminish tissue plasticity and endocrine function and exacerbate insulin resistance through disrupted intracellular signaling and accumulation of metabolicburden. Notably, the deterioration of adipose and muscle tissue functions is interconnected, further exacerbating systemic metabolic dysfunction. Recent studies have contributed to elucidating the physiopathological causes and mechanisms of age-dependent cellular and molecular alterations in adipose and muscle tissues. This review summarizes the current insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying age-related alterations in adipose and muscle tissues and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle interventions, pharmacological agents, approaches targeting senescent cells and inter-organ communication that aim to preserve metabolic health in aging populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvaf081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T12:51:38Z","timestamp":1766494298000},"page":"221-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Aging-induced dysfunction of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and its link to insulin resistance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"179","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7492-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaji","family":"Sakaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026040911512610000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08984","article-title":"Biodemography of human ageing","volume":"464","author":"Vaupel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026040911512610000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3990","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129187","article-title":"Altered adipose tissue and adipocyte function in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome","volume":"129","author":"Kahn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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