{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T14:54:39Z","timestamp":1784818479125,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Project of Military Logistical Support Department","award":["AWS15J003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AWS15J003"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of Military Logistical Support Department","award":["ALB19J001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALB19J001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81571894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81571894"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z181100001718179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z181100001718179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ZhuanXiang Key Project","award":["2016FC-304ZTSYS-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016FC-304ZTSYS-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The Marjolin\u2019s ulcer (MU) is a rare malignant lesion, which is characterized by primary, chronic wound initially and formation of cancer after a certain incubation period eventually. Though few reports or a small case series about MU on the scalp have been published, special risk factors are still unknown about the formation of malignancy on the scalp with chronic ulcer. The aim of the article is to explore the risk factors. Seventy-four patients with the chronic ulcer were included in the study. In between, the chronic ulcer transformed into the MU on the scalp (tumor group) in 42 cases, while the chronic ulcer did not transform into the MU on the scalp (tumor-free group) in 32 cases as controlled group. We made a comparative study between the above two groups so as to find which risk factors were critical for cancer development. In tumor group, lymph node dissection was implemented if the lymph node metastasis was found. Artificial dura was used in eight cases when the dura was removed. Seven cases died. Two patients are currently undergoing follow-up. Other cases were without tumor detection from 1 to 7 years. When the comparative study between the above two groups, there is statistical significance about the influential factor: scar adherence to the skull (F = 5.602 P = .018). Scar adherence to the skull may be the most critical risk factor for cancer development for the scalp with chronic ulcer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/iraa094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T00:44:36Z","timestamp":1591663476000},"page":"1279-1289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Analysis of Factors Affecting Chronic Ulcers of Scalp Transforming Into Marjolin\u2019s Ulcer: A Single Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Baoguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiguang","family":"Zha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghuo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanwen","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199607000-00011","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer of the foot caused by nonburn trauma","volume":"89","author":"Hill","year":"1996","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2003.01210.x","article-title":"Thirty-one cases of Marjolin\u2019s ulcer","volume":"28","author":"Copcu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-90-6-309","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the hallux","volume":"90","author":"Holgado","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03382.x","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer: the importance of surgical management of chronic cutaneous ulcers","volume":"46","author":"Asuguo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.53020","article-title":"Advanced Marjolin\u2019s ulcer of the scalp in a 13-year-old boy treated by excision and free tissue transfer: case report and review of literature","volume":"42","author":"Daya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0006","first-page":"197","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer in chronic wounds\u2014review of available literature","volume":"21","author":"Bazali\u0144ski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contemp Oncol (Pozn)"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2009.04.010","article-title":"Penetrating scalp Marjolin\u2019s ulcer involving bone and dura mater in a Nigerian hospital: case report and literature review","volume":"36","author":"Onah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70144-5","article-title":"Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ear, and lip: implications for treatment modality selection","volume":"26","author":"Rowe","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1996.tb00654.x","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma arising in osteomyelitis and chronic wounds: treatment with Mohs micrographic surgery vs amputation","volume":"22","author":"Kirsner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"omy044","DOI":"10.1093\/omcr\/omy044","article-title":"From a burn scar to malignancy! Marjolin\u2019s ulcer, a disease of wound neglect","volume":"2018","author":"Kheiri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxf Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.11.003","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ucler at a Nigerian hospital (1993\u20132003)","volume":"59","author":"Onah","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0012","first-page":"229","article-title":"Aggressive squamous cell carcinoma originating as a Marjolin\u2019s ulcer","volume":"30","author":"Sabin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0013","first-page":"158","article-title":"Scar carcinoma as a late complication after burns","volume":"380","author":"Liebau","year":"1995","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Chir"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1998.tb04207.x","article-title":"Burn scar carcinoma. Diagnosis and management","volume":"24","author":"Phillips","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000200734.74303.d5","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma developing on burn scar","volume":"56","author":"G\u00fcl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2005.02.015","article-title":"Burn scar neoplasms: a literature review and statistical analysis","volume":"31","author":"Kowal-Vern","year":"2005","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2003.tb00445.x","article-title":"Three cases of malignant melanoma arising on burn scars","volume":"30","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)91364-5","article-title":"Melanoma arising in a chronic (Marjolin\u2019s) ulcer","volume":"32","author":"Gan","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000414","article-title":"Malignant melanoma arising within a burn scar","volume":"110","author":"Spring","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngeol"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-200101000-00013","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer of the scalp: report of 5 cases and review of the literature","volume":"22","author":"Ozek","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-200101000-00013","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer of the scalp: report of 5 cases and review of the literature","volume":"22","author":"Ozek","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(84)90131-0","article-title":"Penetrating Marjolin\u2019s ulcer of scalp involving bone and dura mater treated by wide excision and direct application of split-skin graft on the brain:10-year follow-up","volume":"37","author":"Maillard","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199512000-00016","article-title":"A late, fatal complication of a high energy thermal injury to the scalp","volume":"35","author":"Clements","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0024","first-page":"330","article-title":"Scar carcinomas: report of fourteen cases","volume":"36","author":"Lefebvre","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Chir Plast Esthet"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1827.2003.01523.x","article-title":"Genetic analysis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas arising from different areas","volume":"53","author":"Hayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Path Inter"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0026","first-page":"1541","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer occurring in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"103","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2020113010471122700_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-198404000-00015","article-title":"Marjolin\u2019s ulcer: report of two cases and evidence that Marjolin did not describe cancer arising in scars of burns","volume":"6","author":"Steffen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Burn Care &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jbcr\/iraa094\/33423335\/iraa094.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article-pdf\/41\/6\/1279\/34599622\/iraa094.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article-pdf\/41\/6\/1279\/34599622\/iraa094.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T15:53:47Z","timestamp":1606751627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article\/41\/6\/1279\/5854810"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbcr\/iraa094","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-047X","1559-0488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-047X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0488","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]}}}