{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T06:10:15Z","timestamp":1784527815979,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long-term laryngotracheal complications (LTLC) after inhalation injury (II) are an under-recognized condition in patients with burns. The purpose of this study was to systematically review all available evidence on LTLC after II and identify gaps in knowledge to guide the direction of future research. A scoping review was performed to synthesize all available evidence on LTLC after II, as guided by the question, \u201cWhat are the LTLC after II, in patients with or without a history of translaryngeal intubation and\/or tracheostomy?\u201d. MEDLINE, Web of Science, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched for publications on this topic. Of the 3567 citations screened, a total of 153 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 49 were included in the scoping review. The overall level of evidence was low, with case reports constituting 46.7% of all included human studies. The lesions were most frequently in the trachea (36.9%), followed by the glottis (34.7%) and subglottis (19.0%). LTLC occur in 4.8 to 6.5% of patients after II and these complications are under-recognized in burns patients. The risk factors for LTLC include high-grade II, elevated initial inflammatory responses, prolonged translaryngeal intubation, and a history of tracheostomy. The goal of management is to restore airway patency, preserve voice quality, and restore normal diet and swallow function. There is limited high-level evidence on LTLC, particularly with regards to long-term functional morbidity in voice and swallow. Large, prospective studies are required to address this gap in knowledge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irac058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T20:54:12Z","timestamp":1651265652000},"page":"381-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Long-Term Laryngotracheal Complications After Inhalation Injury: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4218-7323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Zhen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Perth Children\u2019s Hospital , Nedlands, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Burns, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Division of Surgery, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Perth Children\u2019s Hospital , Nedlands, Western Australia , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Misso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Perth Children\u2019s Hospital , Nedlands, Western Australia , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Rea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Perth Children\u2019s Hospital , Nedlands, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Burns, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Division of Surgery, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyan","family":"Vijayasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Surgery, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Perth Children\u2019s Hospital , Nedlands, Western Australia , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Fear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Fiona Wood Foundation, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Perth Children\u2019s Hospital , Nedlands, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Burns, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Division of Surgery, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia , Australia"},{"name":"Fiona Wood Foundation, Fiona Stanley Hospital , Murdoch, Western Australia , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2017.02.009","article-title":"Inhalation injury: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"44","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1077-4","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of inhalation injury: an updated review","volume":"19","author":"Walker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940711600308","article-title":"Risk factors for adult laryngotracheal stenosis: a review of 74 cases","volume":"116","author":"Koshkareva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616","article-title":"Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework","volume":"8","author":"Arksey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Soc Res Methodol: Theory and Pract"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/CPM.0b013e3181a39032","article-title":"Respiratory complications in burns: an evolving spectrum of injury","volume":"16","author":"Boots","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Pulmonary Medicine"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198807000-00006","article-title":"Long-term airway sequelae in a paediatric burn population","volume":"98","author":"Calhoun","year":"1988","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1007\/s595-001-8059-1","article-title":"Successful reconstruction of extensive laryngotracheal strictures after inhalation burn injury: report of a case","volume":"31","author":"Endo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199321850-00014","article-title":"Upper airway compromise after inhalation injury. Complex strictures of the larynx and trachea and their management","volume":"218","author":"Gaissert","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"122","article-title":"Stenose tracheale chez les brules: incidence et facteurs de risqu\u00e9","author":"Gasri","year":"2019"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370490506682","article-title":"Tracheobronchial stenosis following sulfur mustard inhalation","volume":"16","author":"Ghanei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/iraa032","article-title":"Laryngotracheal reconstruction in the pediatric burn patient: surgical techniques and decision-making","volume":"41","author":"Jayawardena","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000197932.09386.0e","article-title":"Early laryngeal inhalation injury and its correlation with late sequelae","volume":"116","author":"Valdez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.04.001","article-title":"Airway reconstruction in pediatric burn patients","volume":"133","author":"White","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(98)00112-0","article-title":"Symptomatic tracheal stenosis in burns","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"I266","article-title":"Inhalational injury and the larynx: a review","author":"Reid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198503000-00021","article-title":"Upper airway sequelae in burn patients requiring endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy","volume":"201","author":"Lund","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198808000-00007","article-title":"Airway reconstruction following laryngotracheal thermal trauma","volume":"98","author":"Miller","year":"1988","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948909800106","article-title":"Management of patients with glottic and subglottic stenosis resulting from thermal burns","volume":"98","author":"Flexon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198904000-00013","article-title":"Tracheostomies in burn patients","volume":"209","author":"Jones","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.734","article-title":"The diversity of the effects of sulfur mustard gas inhalation on respiratory system 10 years after a single, heavy exposure: analysis of 197 cases","volume":"112","author":"Emad","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2003.09.007","article-title":"Late residual pulmonary sequel following kerosene burns","volume":"30","author":"Ahuja","year":"2004","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2006.07.017","article-title":"Isolated smoke inhalation injuries: acute respiratory dysfunction, clinical outcomes, and short-term evolution of pulmonary functions with the effects of steroids","volume":"33","author":"Cha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Laryngotracheal stenosis in burned patients with inhalation injury: analysis of risk factors.","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650701613753","article-title":"Late laryngeal findings in sulfur mustard poisoning","volume":"47","author":"Akhavan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Toxicology"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1258\/ar.2011.110292","article-title":"Comparison of virtual bronchoscopy with fiberoptic bronchoscopy findings in patients exposed to sulfur mustard gas","volume":"52","author":"Akhlaghpoor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52A","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.1388899","article-title":"Management of upper airway stenosis after inhalation injury","volume":"142","author":"Abdala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10003-1189","article-title":"Management of smoke inhalational laryngotracheal injury: a modest experience","volume":"7","author":"Raman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wjorl.2018.05.004","article-title":"Laryngotracheal stenosis in burn patients requiring mechanical ventilation","volume":"4","author":"Koshkareva","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irz133","article-title":"Incidence of Laryngotracheal Stenosis after Thermal Inhalation Airway Injury","volume":"40","author":"Lowery","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.80.1.87","article-title":"Stenosis after explosion of lithium hydride","volume":"80","author":"Cracovaner","year":"1964","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1971.03190230064016","article-title":"Bronchiolitis obliterans and tracheal stenosis: late complications of inhalation burn","volume":"218","author":"Perez-Guerra","year":"1971","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198020010-00015","article-title":"Tracheoplasty for tracheal stenosis in the pediatric burned patient","volume":"20","author":"Majeski","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198107000-00003","article-title":"The management of laryngotracheal stenosis in burned patients","volume":"68","author":"Eliachar","year":"1981","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"1315","article-title":"Tracheal stenosis complicating cutaneous burns: an underestimated problem","volume":"134","author":"Colice","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.2.476","article-title":"Airway complications from free-basing cocaine","volume":"95","author":"Taylor","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100111065","article-title":"Treatment of combined subglottic and critically low tracheal stenoses secondary to burn inhalation injury","volume":"103","author":"Timon","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0750-7658(97)80187-6","article-title":"A cause of tracheal intubation failure: a subglottic web","volume":"17","author":"Giraud","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(98)00185-5","article-title":"Complete fusion of the vocal cords; an unusual case","volume":"25","author":"Cobley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/00128594-200007020-00010","article-title":"Tracheocele as a late sequel of tracheal burn injury: report of two cases","volume":"7","author":"Noppen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bronchol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(03)00109-0","article-title":"Effective use of the oesophageal tracheal Combitube following severe burn injury","volume":"15","author":"Hagberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1159\/000085374","article-title":"Long-term management of extensive tracheal stenosis due to formic acid chemical burn","volume":"72","author":"Stratakos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"E37","article-title":"Delayed tracheal stenosis in an inhalation burn patient","volume":"64","author":"Liao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2009.2.4.211","article-title":"Successful treatment of tracheal stenosis with slide tracheoplasty after the failure of resection with end-to-end anastomosis","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2010.05.015","article-title":"Tracheal stent placement via a tracheostomy for tracheal stenosis after inhalation injury","volume":"36","author":"Murase","year":"2010","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181c89ef3","article-title":"Treatment of tracheal stenosis with an extended tracheal cannula in a patient with extensive burn","volume":"31","author":"Xiao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2011.271502","article-title":"Multiple costal cartilage graft reconstruction for the treatment of a full-length laryngotracheal stenosis after an inhalation burn","volume":"13","author":"Fur\u00e1k","year":"2011","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2013.02.009","article-title":"Airway salvation after failed anterior graft in a child with long segment stenosis","volume":"34","author":"Lawton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2014.76.5.237","article-title":"Tracheobronchial polyps following thermal inhalation injury","volume":"76","author":"Shin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tuberc Respir Dis"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.5505\/respircase.2016.36854","article-title":"Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and tracheal stenosis after exposure to fire and fire extinguisher","volume":"5","author":"Cortuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respiratory Case Rep"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"549","article-title":"Morphological and pathological changes of larynx after severe laryngeal burn in dogs and their relationship with laryngostenosis. Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chin J Burns","author":"Liu","year":"2018"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197906000-00001","article-title":"Tracheostomy-related subglottic stenosis: bacteriologic pathogenesis","volume":"89","author":"Sasaki","year":"1979","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2013.06.010","article-title":"Pathological changes of the three clinical types of laryngeal burns based on a canine model","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","first-page":"311","article-title":"The effects of inhaled heat on the air passages and lungs: an experimental investigation","volume":"21","author":"Moritz","year":"1945","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0B013E31802C889F","article-title":"Inhalation injury, pulmonary pertubations and fluid resuscitation","volume":"28","author":"Endorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-13-107","article-title":"Repair of tracheal epithelium by basal cells after chlorine-induced injury","volume":"13","author":"Musah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181856241","article-title":"The pathophysiological response to severe burn injury","volume":"248","author":"Jeschke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)63191-8","article-title":"Primary reconstruction of airway after resection of subglottic laryngeal and upper tracheal stenosis","volume":"33","author":"Grillo","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1965.00760010322023","article-title":"T-tube tracheal stent","volume":"82","author":"Montgomery","year":"1965","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000225377.33945.14","article-title":"Early endoscopic treatment of acute inflammatory airway lesions improves the outcome of postintubation airway stenosis","volume":"116","author":"Nouraei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2023030304333885200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-200207000-00003","article-title":"Laryngeal and phonatory status after burn\/inhalation injury: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"23","author":"Casper","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Burn Care Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Journal of Burn Care &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jbcr\/irac058\/43801769\/irac058.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article-pdf\/44\/2\/381\/49400354\/irac058.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article-pdf\/44\/2\/381\/49400354\/irac058.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T10:35:25Z","timestamp":1727087725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbcr\/article\/44\/2\/381\/6576148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbcr\/irac058","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-047X","1559-0488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-047X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0488","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]}}}