{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T01:39:21Z","timestamp":1779241161516,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between frailty and poverty in burn patients \u226550 years old, and their association with patient outcomes. This was a single-center retrospective chart review from 2009 to 2018 of patients \u226550 years old admitted with acute burn injuries. Frailty was assigned using the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale. Poverty was defined as a patient from a zip code that had &amp;gt;20% of people living in poverty. The relationship between frailty and poverty, as well as each variable independently on mortality, length of stay (LOS), and disposition location, was examined. Of 953 patients, the median age was 61 years, 70.8% were male, and the median total body surface area burn was 6.6%. Upon admission, 26.4% and 35.2% of patients were frail and from impoverished neighborhoods, respectively. The mortality rate was 8.8%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that nonsurvivors had significantly higher chances of living in poverty (P = .02) and were more likely to be frail compared to survivors. There was no significant correlation between poverty and frailty (P = .08). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed the relationship between lack of poverty and mortality (OR .47, 95% CI 0.25\u20130.89) and frailty and mortality (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.24\u20132.12). Neither poverty (P = .26) nor frailty (P = .52) was associated with LOS. Both poverty and frailty were associated with a patient\u2019s discharge location (P = .03; P &amp;lt; .0001). Poverty and frailty each independently predict mortality and discharge destination in burn patients \u226550, but they are not associated with LOS nor each other.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irad032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T23:22:56Z","timestamp":1678231376000},"page":"517-523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Poverty and Frailty Are Not Related to Each Other With Regard to Outcomes in Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Burn Injuries"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Wallace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"},{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keturah","family":"Sloan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Heard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"},{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soman","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"},{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"},{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Greenhalgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"},{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4431-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen","family":"Romanowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Burn Surgery, University of California , Davis, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento 95817, California , USA"},{"name":"Shriners Children\u2019s Northern Children, Division of Burn Surgery, Shriners Children\u2019s Northern California , 2425 Stockton Boulevard , Sacramento 95817, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2011.07.017","article-title":"Prognostic scoring systems in burns: a review","volume":"37","author":"Sheppard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2010.08.009","article-title":"The frailty syndrome: definition and natural history","volume":"27","author":"Xue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irx024","article-title":"Frailty is associated with mortality in patients aged 50 and older","volume":"39","author":"Romanowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Burn Care 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The challenges of poverty and social gradient in our tumultuous world","volume":"42","author":"Lavrentieva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2013.04.010","article-title":"The correlation between burn mortality rates from fire and flame and economic status of countries","volume":"39","author":"Peck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0007","volume-title":"How many seniors live in poverty?","author":"Cubanski","year":"2018"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0008","author":"Office USGA.","year":"26, 2019"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0009","volume-title":"Older adults increasingly face housing affordability challenges","author":"Molinsnky","year":"21, 2018"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0000000000000190","article-title":"Frailty score on admission predicts outcomes in elderly burn injury","volume":"36","author":"Romanowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2017.06.012","article-title":"Socioeconomic status, gender, and burn injury: a retrospective review","volume":"214","author":"Dissanaike","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2020.10.025","article-title":"Racial and socioeconomic differences affect outcomes in elderly burn patients","volume":"47","author":"Romanowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2018.09.022","article-title":"An independent predictor of burns mortality following in-patient admission","volume":"44","author":"Ward","year":"2018","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0014","article-title":"Prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality for geriatric burns from the US National Inpatient Sample 2016 to 2018.","author":"Yi"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0000000000000327","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and outcomes after burn injury","volume":"37","author":"Doctor","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2020.07.014","article-title":"The effect of neighborhood area deprivation index on residential burn injury severity","volume":"47","author":"Purcell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0017","author":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.","year":"2015"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2020.12.002","article-title":"Neighborhood risk: socioeconomic status and hospital admission for pediatric burn patients","volume":"47","author":"Hunter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180490","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.180490","article-title":"Neighborhood risk and hospital use for pediatric asthma, Rhode Island, 2005-2014","volume":"16","author":"Gjelsvik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050051","article-title":"A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people.","volume":"173","author":"Rockwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2017.11.005","article-title":"New 5-factor frailty index using American College of Surgeons NSQIP Data","volume":"226","author":"Subramaniam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.01.021","article-title":"Accumulating deficits model of frailty and postoperative mortality and morbidity: its application to a national database","volume":"183","author":"Velanovich","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2023050213311407600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irz163","article-title":"State of the science burn research: burns in the elderly","volume":"41","author":"Jeschke","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Burn Care &amp; 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