{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:11:43Z","timestamp":1789456303506,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR003142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR003142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Internal Stanford"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Tracheostomy is indicated in critically ill patients when prolonged mechanical ventilation is anticipated. We leveraged national data to evaluate tracheostomy timing in burn patients, hypothesizing that early tracheostomy would be associated with reduced length of stay (LOS) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Surviving burn encounters undergoing tracheostomy in 3 national databases\u2014Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), 2016-2021, National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB), 2007-2014, and Burn Care Quality Platform (BCQP), 2015-2022\u2014were stratified by tracheostomy timing relative to admission: early: \u226410 days versus late: &amp;gt;10 days. Early tracheostomy encounters were propensity-score-matched with late tracheostomy encounters on age, sex, and total body surface area (TBSA) of burns to evaluate the impact of tracheostomy timing on LOS, ICU LOS, ventilator days, VAP, discharge to inpatient rehabilitation, and discharge to long-term acute care (LTAC). In total, 9173 burn encounters underwent tracheostomy (6255 in NIS, 1332 in NTDB, and 1586 in BCQP), of which 51.1% were early. Within matched cohorts, early tracheostomy was associated with shorter LOS, reported as average treatment effect, in days (95% confidence interval): NIS: \u221222.9 (\u221232.8 to \u221213.1), P &amp;lt; .01; NTDB: \u221212.7 (\u221218.7 to \u22126.8), P &amp;lt; .01; BCQP: \u22127.0 (\u221212.5 to \u22121.5), P &amp;lt; .01. Early tracheostomy was associated with shorter ICU LOS and fewer ventilator days in NTDB and BCQP (P &amp;lt; .04). Early tracheostomy was not associated with discharge to inpatient rehabilitation or VAP. Early tracheostomy decreased discharge to LTAC in NTDB and BCQP (P \u2264 .02). Our multi-database analysis supports early tracheostomy in critically injured burn patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/iraf086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T04:32:42Z","timestamp":1747283562000},"page":"1017-1024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Critically Injured Burn Survivors: A National, Multi-Database Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3346-1930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer K","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College , Hanover, NH ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0063-8584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eloise W","family":"Stanton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1509-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Najafali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1579-2787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahim","family":"Nazerali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9526-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clifford C","family":"Sheckter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Regional Burn Center, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center , San Jose, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025093007422111800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e32833b1ba0","article-title":"Tracheostomy in critically ill patients","volume":"27","author":"Mallick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J 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