{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T05:48:53Z","timestamp":1775627333201,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Disasters often lead to increased generator use, resulting in carbon monoxide poisonings (COP) and burn injuries that can overwhelm regional burn centers. Following Hurricane Ida, emergency medical services (EMS) providers in southeastern Louisiana were empowered to treat minor COP and burn injuries on the scene without hospital transport. This study evaluated the impact of that policy. Using EMS and Louisiana Emergency Response Network (LERN) data, we analyzed EMS calls from 3 periods surrounding Hurricane Ida\u2019s landfall on August 29, 2021: pre-Ida (07\/08-08\/25), mid-Ida (08\/26-09\/08), and post-Ida (09\/09-10\/31). We tracked call volumes, transport rates, and EMS turnaround times. Weekly calls were compared using Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests and negative binomial regression; transport rates were assessed using chi-squared tests. Emergency medical services received 1607 COP or burn-related calls during the study period. Pre-Ida, EMS averaged 15.3 calls\/day (89% COP), with transport rates of 98% for COP and 61% for burns; turnaround time averaged 63\u2009\u00b1\u200936\u00a0min. Mid-Ida saw a rise to 20.9 calls\/day (84% COP), with transport rates of 78% for COP and 73% for burns; turnaround was 64\u2009\u00b1\u200931\u00a0min. Post-Ida, calls declined to 10.6\/day, with 97% of COP and 61% of burns transported; turnaround was 69\u2009\u00b1\u200949\u00a0min. No repeat EMS calls were made by patients treated on the scene. The study observed a significant increase in CO-related EMS dispatches during mid-Ida, with a concurrent decrease in hospital transports, indicating successful on-scene care. Emergency medical services turnaround times remained stable across all periods. These findings highlight effective collaboration between EMS and burn centers during disaster response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/iraf157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T11:52:28Z","timestamp":1754567548000},"page":"280-284","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Empowering Emergency Responders to Treat on Scene Alleviates Hospital Strain During Disaster Events"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2734-9531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasiya","family":"Ivanko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health and Sciences Center, Louisiana State University System , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center, LSU Health , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center, LSU Health , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1960-1132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan E","family":"Schoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health and Sciences Center, Louisiana State University System , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"University Medical Center, LSU Health , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Majel Victoria P","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health and Sciences Center, Louisiana State University System , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"University Medical Center, LSU Health , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Danos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health and Sciences Center, Louisiana State University System , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2037-0108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Randy","family":"Kearns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center, LSU Health , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"College of Business, University of New Orleans , New Orleans, LA 70148 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8777-6762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey E","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health and Sciences Center, Louisiana State University System , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"University Medical Center, LSU Health , New Orleans, LA 70112 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref1","volume-title":"Natural Disasters","author":"Ritchie","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref2","volume-title":"2021 U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters in Historical Context","author":"Smith","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref3","volume-title":"2020 U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters in Historical Context","author":"Smith","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref4","volume-title":"Hurricane Ida. National Hurricane Center Tropical Cycle Report","author":"John","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref5","volume-title":"Hurricane Ida Caused at least 1.2 Million Electricity Customers to Lose Power","author":"Comstock","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2022.100286","article-title":"Hurricane Ida\u2019s impact on Louisiana and Mississippi during the COVID-19 Delta surge: complex and compounding threats to population health","volume":"12","author":"Shultz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref7","volume-title":"Preventing Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.06.002","article-title":"National unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning estimates using hospitalization and emergency department data","volume":"37","author":"Stearns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref9","volume-title":"10 Leading Causes of Death, United States","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref10","author":"Louisiana Emergency Response Network"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref11","volume-title":"Jefferson Parish, Louisiana Population 2025","author":"World Population Review","year":".."},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.11.003","article-title":"Clinical policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with acute carbon monoxide poisoning","volume":"69","author":"Wolf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2018.0863","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning","volume":"115","author":"Eichhorn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e427","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0000000000000304","article-title":"Guidelines for burn care under austere conditions: introduction to burn disaster, airway and ventilator management, and fluid resuscitation","volume":"37","author":"Kearns","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00718-1","article-title":"Factors associated with EMS on-scene time and its regional difference in road traffic injuries: a population-based observational study","volume":"22","author":"Ito","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57050400","article-title":"The history of carbon monoxide intoxication","volume":"57","author":"Megas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref17","volume-title":"Clinical Guidance for Carbon Monoxide Poisoning","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-143-11-200512060-00008","article-title":"Hospital at home: feasibility and outcomes of a program to provide hospital-level care at home for acutely ill older patients","volume":"143","author":"Leff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-0600","article-title":"Hospital-level care at home for acutely ill adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"172","author":"Levine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026040801025452800_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2023.07.003","article-title":"Implementing community paramedicine: a known player in a new role. 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