{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T13:49:55Z","timestamp":1787233795072,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study assessed opportunities for graduated autonomy in fellowship programs registered with the Society of Breast Imaging (SBI) Fellowship Match.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 16-question survey developed by the SBI Fellowship Match Committee was distributed electronically to fellowship program directors registered with the SBI. Responses were analyzed, with subgroup comparison using Fisher\u2019s exact test.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The response rate was 51.5% (52\/101). Most respondents (63.5%, 33\/52) do not allow fellows to final sign reports. Of programs that do offer this practice, 36.8% (7\/19) have done so for &amp;lt;3 years, 21.1% (4\/19) for 3 to 5 years, and 42.1% (8\/19) for &amp;gt;5 years. There was no association between fellowship class size or length of fellowship training and final-sign opportunities. Fellow education (84.2%, 16\/19) and fellow interest (73.7%, 14\/19) were the most common reasons for offering final-sign privileges. Faculty consensus was the main criterion for assessing fellow readiness for graduated autonomy. Of examination types, independent interpretation was most common for diagnostic mammogram and US\u00a0examinations (36.5%, 19\/52), initiated before the last 2 months of fellowship. Approximately 30% (16\/52) of respondents allow fellows to perform and final sign procedures, most commonly 5 to 10 months into fellowship training. In 52.6% (10\/19) of programs allowing independent reads, no additional compensation is provided.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most breast imaging fellowship programs do not allow fellows to independently render examination interpretations or perform breast procedures. However, more than half of programs offering fellow autonomy have done so for \u22645 years, suggesting a potential shift in final-sign opportunities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbi\/wbae092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T14:40:51Z","timestamp":1744728051000},"page":"445-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Graduated Autonomy in Breast Imaging Fellowships: A National Survey of Fellowship Program Directors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Lilian C","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7447-073X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine T","family":"Katzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunjan M","family":"Senapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Mass General Brigham , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Friedlander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, White Plains Hospital , White Plains, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0001","author":"National Resident Matching Program Match results statistics","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5834","article-title":"Breast imaging training and attitudes: update survey of senior radiology residents","volume":"197","author":"Bassett","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1093\/jbi\/wbaa112","article-title":"The American College of Radiology\/Society of Breast Imaging updated fellowship training curriculum for breast imaging","volume":"3","author":"Katzen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Breast Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/jbi\/wbz087","article-title":"A roadmap for a successful breast imaging fellowship","volume":"2","author":"Mehta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Breast Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/jbi\/wbaa100","article-title":"Transitioning to practice: getting up to speed in efficiency and accuracy","volume":"3","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Breast Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2430920","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.24.30920","article-title":"Short-term strategies for augmenting the national radiologist workforce","volume":"222","author":"Rawson","year":"2024","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2018.06.019","article-title":"Key ingredients of a breast imaging fellowship-a recipe for success","volume":"15","author":"Phillips","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0008","author":"Breast imaging fellow evaluation form","journal-title":"SBI Breast Imaging Fellowship Match Program"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2533090070","article-title":"When radiologists perform best: the learning curve in screening mammogram interpretation","volume":"253","author":"Miglioretti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2018.12.010","article-title":"How to survive and thrive as a new breast imager: what they don\u2019t teach in fellowship","volume":"54","author":"Omofoye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.2051","article-title":"Best ways to provide feedback to radiologists on mammography performance","volume":"193","author":"Bowles","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1093\/jbi\/wbac057","article-title":"Using the medical audit to improve practice performance","volume":"4","author":"Friedewald","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Breast Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025090209174192100_CIT0013","first-page":"205","article-title":"Why residents should teach: a literature review","volume":"50","author":"Busari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Breast Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbi\/article-pdf\/7\/4\/445\/62932535\/wbae092.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbi\/article-pdf\/7\/4\/445\/62932535\/wbae092.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T13:17:50Z","timestamp":1756819070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbi\/article\/7\/4\/445\/8113896"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbi\/wbae092","relation":{},"ISSN":["2631-6110","2631-6129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2631-6110","type":"print"},{"value":"2631-6129","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]}}}