{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T09:33:28Z","timestamp":1763458408731,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Vitamin D dysregulation can occur in people living with HIV, disrupting calcium homeostasis, and bone turnover. We aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms by which vitamin D regulates bone turnover in adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV (ALWH) in Southern Africa. A pre-planned secondary analysis was performed of baseline data from the vitamin D for adolescents with HIV to reduce musculoskeletal morbidity and immunopathology trial (PACTR20200989766029) which enrolled ALWH (11\u201319\u00a0yr) taking antiretroviral therapy for \u22656\u00a0mo, and recorded socio-demographic, clinical and dietary data. After over-night fasting, vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, and 24,25(OH)2D), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), and bone turnover markers (BTMs) (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)) were measured. Tandem Mass Spectrometry measured vitamin D metabolites, while intact PTH and BTMs were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Stratified by 25(OH)D (&amp;lt;75 vs \u226575\u00a0nmol\/L), associations between standardized concentrations (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009standard deviations) of vitamin D metabolites, intact PTH and BTMs were assessed using structural equations modelling (SEM) adjusted for age, sex, and country (Zimbabwe\/Zambia). Among the 842 ALWH enrolled, the median dietary calcium intake was 100\u00a0mg (IQR: 55\u2013145). The SEM showed PTH was positively associated (\u03b2: 0.21; 95% CI, 0.1, 0.32) with 1,25(OH)2D, only when 25(OH)D was &amp;lt;75 vs \u226575\u00a0nmol\/L (\u03b2: 0.23; 95%CI, \u22120.13, 0.59), with evidence of an interaction (\u03b2: \u22120.11; 95%CI, \u22120.20, \u22120.02). A positive relationship between 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D was seen irrespective of 25(OH)D concentration. 24,25(OH)2D was inversely related to BTMs, particularly when 25(OH)D was &amp;lt;75\u00a0nmol\/L (CTX: \u03b2: \u22120.15; 95% CI, \u22120.24, \u22120.06 and P1NP: \u03b2: \u22120.14; 95%CI, \u22120.22, \u22120.06). There was interaction between dietary calcium and 25(OH)D on PTH (\u03b2: \u22120.15; 95% CI, \u22120.22, \u22120.07) suggesting an interaction between low 25(OH)D and low dietary calcium which increases PTH. In conclusion, associations between 25(OH)D, PTH, 1,25(OH)2D, and BTMs in ALWH appear dependent upon 25(OH)D concentrations &amp;lt;75\u00a0nmol\/L and calcium intake. A novel, potentially causal pathway between 25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)2D, and BTMs was seen. Findings enhance understanding of vitamin D metabolism in people living with HIV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmr\/zjae190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T22:01:54Z","timestamp":1732140114000},"page":"59-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The role of vitamin D metabolism in regulating bone turnover in adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV in Southern Africa: a cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe and Zambia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2449-0027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tafadzwa","family":"Madanhire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute , 8 Ross Avenue, Harare ,","place":["Zimbabwe"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London, WC1E 7HT ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate A","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton , Southampton, SO16 6YD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , 273 Banjul,","place":["The Gambia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Macdougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London, WC1E 7HT ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuredin","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Banjul , 273 Banjul,","place":["The Gambia"]},{"name":"MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London, WC1E 7HT ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Filteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London, WC1E 7HT ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lackson","family":"Kasonka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia , Box 50110, High Cost, Lusaka ,","place":["Zambia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilda B","family":"Mabuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia , Box 50110, High Cost, Lusaka ,","place":["Zambia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Molly","family":"Chisenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia , Box 50110, High Cost, Lusaka ,","place":["Zambia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich , NR4 7UG,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Clinical Biochemistry, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital , Norwich, NR4 7UY ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William D","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Clinical Biochemistry, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital , Norwich, NR4 7UY ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsitsi","family":"Bandason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute , 8 Ross Avenue, Harare ,","place":["Zimbabwe"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nyasha V","family":"Dzavakwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute , 8 Ross Avenue, Harare ,","place":["Zimbabwe"]},{"name":"MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London, WC1E 7HT ,","place":["United 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