{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:40:11Z","timestamp":1755794411083,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Research Future Fund","award":["2-2015863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2-2015863"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Avascular necrosis is a condition that results from disruption of the blood supply to bone. It can develop idiopathically or secondary to disease or corticosteroid use. To facilitate consistent clinical and research practice, this review aimed to identify methods used to assess, diagnose, and determine outcomes of non\u2013femoral head (non-FH) lower limb avascular necrosis in children and adolescents. We conducted a scoping review up to January 2024, searching Ovid Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. Studies were included if they had 10 or more individuals aged 0-17\u00a0yr with non-FH lower limb avascular necrosis, and included assessment, diagnostic criteria, or outcome measures. Measures identified were grouped according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework of impairments of body function and structure, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Following full-text screening, 31 studies met the inclusion criteria: 24 of these studies were retrospective (77%). Twenty-three studies involved secondary avascular necrosis (74%) and 8 studies involved primary avascular necrosis (26%). MRI and radiographs were most frequently used for diagnosis. Impairments were predominantly assessed via patient report, and use of validated measures was limited. There was also limited consideration of activity limitations and participation restrictions in both assessment and outcome measures. Where present, these were patient reported. The findings highlight a strong focus on impairments despite a need to consider the conditions impact on activity limitations and participation restrictions. Obtaining consensus on assessments and outcome measures, with increased use of validated measures to improve rigor, would facilitate collation of results in future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziaf109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T07:21:34Z","timestamp":1750663294000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment, diagnostic criteria, and outcome measures for non\u2013femoral head lower limb avascular necrosis in children and adolescents: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9422-1004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rhianydd","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales , 2109,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales , 2109,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales , 2109,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University , Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria , 3199,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , 5000,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Adelaide ,","place":["South Australia, 5006, Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cylie","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University , Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria , 3199,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Munns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland , 4072,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children\u2019s Hospital , Brisbane, Queensland , 4101,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5577-2732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verity","family":"Pacey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Human Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales , 2109,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University , Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria , 3199,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2025081514215067700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2012.081265.The","article-title":"Symptomatic osteonecrosis in childhood leukemia survivors: prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life in adulthood","volume":"98","author":"Girard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Haematologia (Budap)"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29033","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.29033","article-title":"Bone pain at leukemia diagnosis and other risk factors for symptomatic osteonecrosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"68","author":"Barzilai-Birenboim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081514215067700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2006.11.002","article-title":"Osteonecrosis in children and adolescents with cancer - an adverse effect of systemic therapy","volume":"43","author":"Sala","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081514215067700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-021-05051-z","article-title":"Ankle osteonecrosis in fifty-one children and adolescent\u2019s leukemia survivors: a prospective randomized study on percutaneous mesenchymal stem cells treatment","volume":"45","author":"Hernigou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2018.09.005","article-title":"K\u00f6hler disease: avascular necrosis in the child","volume":"24","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2018.10.001","article-title":"Epidemiology, etiology, and anatomy of osteonecrosis of the foot and ankle","volume":"24","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mporth.2022.11.006","article-title":"Avascular necrosis of the foot and ankle: aetiology, investigation and management","volume":"37","author":"Bickley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"16","key":"2025081514215067700_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM191904171801602","article-title":"K\u00f6hler\u2019s disease of the tarsal scaphoid in children","volume":"180","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"1919","journal-title":"Bost Med Surg J"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2013.06.004","article-title":"A comparative study between two different surgical techniques in the treatment of late-stage Freiberg\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Kilic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref10","first-page":"444","article-title":"Assessment of etiologic factors in the development of Freiberg\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Stanley","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18147","article-title":"Osteonecrosis in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: incidence, risk factors, radiological patterns and evolution in a single-Centre cohort","volume":"197","author":"Brivio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081514215067700_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070108","article-title":"Relationships among severity of osteonecrosis, pain, range of motion, and functional mobility in children, adolescents, and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"88","author":"Marchese","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.18.3262","article-title":"Osteonecrosis as a complication of treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: a report from the Children\u2019s Cancer Group","volume":"18","author":"Mattano","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081514215067700_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2010.210","article-title":"Prevalence of osteonecrosis and associated risk factors in children before allogeneic BMT","volume":"46","author":"Sharma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-20-12","article-title":"Chapter 11: Scoping Reviews","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025081514215067700_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"volume-title":"International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Children & Youth Version: ICF-CY","year":"2007","author":"World Health Organization","key":"2025081514215067700_ref17"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025081514215067700_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2712-0","article-title":"Return to sporting activity after osteochondral autograft transplantation for Freiberg disease in young athletes","volume":"137","author":"Ishimatsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715598602","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of dorsal wedge osteotomy for pediatric Freiberg disease","volume":"37","author":"Pereira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-3005-2","article-title":"Midterm clinical results of osteochondral autograft transplantation for advanced stage Freiberg disease","volume":"40","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(98)80007-0","article-title":"Freiberg\u2019s infraction: a new surgical procedure","volume":"37","author":"El-Tayeby","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B1.1991746","article-title":"Treatment of Freiberg\u2019s disease","volume":"73","author":"Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Jt SurgerySurgery"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-198408000-00004","article-title":"K\u00f6hler\u2019s disease of the tarsal navicular: long term follow-up of 12 cases","volume":"4","author":"Ippolito","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198107000-00008","article-title":"K\u00f6hler\u2019s disease of the tarsal navicular","volume":"158","author":"Williams","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081514215067700_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-832341","article-title":"Bone marrow oedema and aseptic osteonecrosis in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or non-Hodgkin-lymphoma treated with hyperbaric-oxygen-therapy (HBO): an approach to cure? BME\/AON and hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a treatment mod","volume":"216","author":"Bernbeck","year":"2004","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081514215067700_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402139","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging detection of avascular necrosis of the bone in children receiving intensive prednisone therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"15","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27440","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27440","article-title":"Osteonecrosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from Children\u2019s Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE)","volume":"66","author":"Ali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081514215067700_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1302\/1863-2548.11.170142","article-title":"Osteonecrosis following treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: the Southampton Children\u2019s Hospital experience","volume":"11","author":"Rhodes","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000122","article-title":"Osteonecrosis in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a national questionnaire study","volume":"1","author":"Amin","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatr Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081514215067700_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-016-2329-3","article-title":"Lower-limb MRI in the staging and re-staging of osteonecrosis in paediatric patients affected by acute lymphoblastic leukaemia after therapy","volume":"45","author":"Ippolito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.645","article-title":"Incidence and outcome of osteonecrosis in children and adolescents after intensive therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)","volume":"5","author":"Padhye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24563","article-title":"Use of zoledronic acid for treatment of chemotherapy related osteonecrosis in children and adolescents: a retrospective analysis","volume":"60","author":"Padhye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc","article-title":"Effectiveness of pamidronate as treatment of symptomatic osteonecrosis occurring in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"60","author":"Leblicq","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7367","article-title":"Unique MRI findings as an early predictor of osteonecrosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"198","author":"Sansgiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081514215067700_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1358-9","article-title":"How does osteonecrosis about the knee progress in young patients with leukemia? A 2- to 7-year study","volume":"468","author":"Karimova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081514215067700_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e31818f9cc4","article-title":"Peripheral arthropathy in hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy types III and IV","volume":"29","author":"Feldman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025081514215067700_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.2539","article-title":"High body mass index increases the risk for osteonecrosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"25","author":"Niinim\u00e4ki","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081514215067700_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.04.1597","article-title":"MRI of knee osteonecrosis in children with leukemia and lymphoma: part 2, clinical and imaging patterns","volume":"186","author":"Karimova","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081514215067700_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.04.1598","article-title":"MRI of knee osteonecrosis in children with leukemia and lymphoma: part 1, observer agreement","volume":"186","author":"Karimova","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"430","key":"2025081514215067700_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000137548.22577.96","article-title":"Childhood cancer survivors: an at-risk cohort for ankle osteonecrosis","volume":"430","author":"Chollet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081514215067700_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20244","article-title":"Osteonecrosis: a treatment related toxicity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)\u2014experiences from trial ALL-BFM 95","volume":"44","author":"B\u00fcrger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081514215067700_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27300","article-title":"Comparing osteonecrosis clinical phenotype, timing, and risk factors in children and young adults treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"65","author":"Mogensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081514215067700_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2009.02168.x","article-title":"Understanding heterogeneity in meta-analysis: the role of meta-regression","volume":"63","author":"Baker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.4103\/ortho.IJOrtho","article-title":"Management options in avascular necrosis of talus","volume":"52","author":"Dhillon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081514215067700_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.55275\/jposna-2021-285","article-title":"Pediatric femoral head osteonecrosis secondary to trauma, sickle cell disease, and corticosteroid therapy","volume":"3","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop Soc North Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081514215067700_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1302\/2633-1462.410.BJO-2023-0108.R1","article-title":"\u201cWaiting for the best day of your life\u201d. A qualitative interview study of patients\u2019 and clinicians\u2019 experiences of Perthes\u2019 disease","volume":"4","author":"Galloway","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bone Jt Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2007.00770.x","article-title":"Development of the Oxford ankle foot questionnaire: finding out how children are affected by foot and ankle problems","volume":"33","author":"Morris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.04.017","article-title":"Montreal accord on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) use series\u2014paper 3: patient-reported outcomes can facilitate shared decision-making and guide self-management","volume":"89","author":"Noonan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025081514215067700_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.07.003","article-title":"Children and adolescents are not small adults: toward a better understanding of multimorbidity in younger populations","volume":"149","author":"van den Akker","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081514215067700_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B5.BJJ-2020-0072","article-title":"The outcomes of Perthes\u2019 disease development of a core outcomes set for clinical trials in Perthes\u2019 disease","volume":"102","author":"Leo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Jt J"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081514215067700_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.07.016","article-title":"Uses of cancer registries for public health and clinical research in Europe: results of the European Network of Cancer Registries survey among 161 population-based cancer registries during 2010-2012","volume":"51","author":"Siesling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"}],"container-title":["JBMR Plus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziaf109\/63564787\/ziaf109.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article-pdf\/9\/9\/ziaf109\/63564787\/ziaf109.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article-pdf\/9\/9\/ziaf109\/63564787\/ziaf109.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T18:21:59Z","timestamp":1755282119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziaf109\/8172360"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziaf109","relation":{},"ISSN":["2473-4039"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2473-4039"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"article-number":"ziaf109"}}