{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T08:00:07Z","timestamp":1790928007808,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","funder":[{"name":"Presbyterian Health Foundation Award","award":["I01BX006046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01BX006046"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown to improve chronic pain, including fibromyalgia, migraine headaches, and gastrointestinal pain, as well as inflammation in RA. Here, we investigated the efficacy of transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) in providing pain relief in a mouse model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery was performed in 16-wk-old female and male mice. Beginning at 4 wk post-injury, mice were randomized to receive tVNS (10\u00a0min daily, 5 d per wk) delivered via the tragus of the ear or sham stimulation for 8 wk. Mechanical hyperalgesia, as measured using an algometer, and weight distribution were monitored at 3 time points: (1) pre-VNS, (2) 4-wk treatment, and (3) 8-wk treatment (end point of the study). Compared to the sham treatment, 4 wk of tVNS reduced mechanical hyperalgesia in female mice, and 8 wk of tVNS improved weight-bearing in male and female mice. tVNS altered serum pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in a sex-dependent manner. Eight weeks of tVNS improved the lateral femur compartment of the DMM-affected joints in males. Our results reveal that tVNS improves PTOA-related pain and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production, making it a promising, non-addictive intervention for chronic OA pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T11:44:44Z","timestamp":1776944684000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation improves post-traumatic osteoarthritis pain in mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8058-9731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivmurat","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynsie","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Conner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Lumry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanique M","family":"South","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon , Eugene, OR ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmaline","family":"Prinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Izda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabby","family":"Dyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montana","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Dube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Hanebutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Brawner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Stavrakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matlock A","family":"Jeffries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8840-9940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy M","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Beth","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Research, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2026052822572374200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.04.010","article-title":"Direct in vivo evidence of activated macrophages in human osteoarthritis","volume":"24","author":"Kraus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.136","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation as a key mediator of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052822572374200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0411-y","article-title":"Immune contributions to osteoarthritis","volume":"15","author":"Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052822572374200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-008-0878-0","article-title":"A histomorphometric analysis of synovial biopsies from individuals with Gulf War Veterans' illness and joint pain compared to normal and osteoarthritis synovium","volume":"27","author":"Pessler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"suppl_4","key":"2026052822572374200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv43","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex419","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: the genesis of pain","volume":"57","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03008207.2025.2531414","article-title":"Pain mechanisms in osteoarthritis: recent discoveries and opportunities ahead","volume":"66","author":"Hoffman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052822572374200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2025.100616","article-title":"Potential sources of pain in symptomatic degenerative meniscal tear: a narrative review","volume":"7","author":"Tsai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil Open"},{"issue":"29","key":"2026052822572374200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605635113","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"113","author":"Koopman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052822572374200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e104530","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104530","article-title":"Neurostimulation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway ameliorates disease in rat collagen-induced arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Levine","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.03.034","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation and neurotrophins: a biological psychiatric perspective","volume":"113","author":"Rosso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"6052","key":"2026052822572374200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209985","article-title":"Acetylcholine-synthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit","volume":"334","author":"Rosas-Ballina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026052822572374200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.02.005","article-title":"The cholinergic system in joint health and osteoarthritis: a narrative-review","volume":"29","author":"Lauwers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026052822572374200_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2018.04.001","article-title":"Role of the autonomic nervous system in osteoarthritis","volume":"31","author":"Courties","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052822572374200_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e009288","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.122.009288","article-title":"Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates the phenotype of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through its anti-inflammatory effects","volume":"15","author":"Elkholey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052822572374200_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2019.11.008","article-title":"TREAT AF (transcutaneous electrical vagus nerve stimulation to suppress atrial fibrillation): a randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Stavrakis","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052822572374200_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2024.100545","article-title":"Safety and preliminary efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on chronic knee pain: a pilot trial","volume":"7","author":"Aoyagi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052822572374200_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-025-08288-6","article-title":"Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation as a pain modulator in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"26","author":"Elsehrawy","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052822572374200_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11041087","article-title":"Effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in erosive hand osteoarthritis: results from a pilot trial","volume":"11","author":"Courties","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052822572374200_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1016\/s2665-9913(25)00226-7","article-title":"Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation versus sham stimulation in patients with erosive hand osteoarthritis (ESTIVAL): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, sham-controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Courties","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2026052822572374200_ref20","first-page":"57","article-title":"Effects of vagus nerve stimulation in visceral pain model","volume":"52","author":"Zurowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Folia Med Cracov"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052822572374200_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3940(03)00908-x","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates heat- and formalin-induced pain in rats","volume":"351","author":"Bohotin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052822572374200_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.5607\/en24012","article-title":"Analgesic effect of auricular vagus nerve stimulation on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain in a rodent model","volume":"33","author":"Baek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Neurobiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052822572374200_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)90887-6","article-title":"Vagal afferent modulation of a nociceptive reflex in rats: involvement of spinal opioid and monoamine receptors","volume":"446","author":"Ren","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2023.08.026","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation relives irritable bowel syndrome and the associated depression via alpha7nAChR-mediated anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"530","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052822572374200_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.55.8.1167","article-title":"Left vagus nerve stimulation suppresses experimentally induced pain","volume":"55","author":"Kirchner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052822572374200_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.04.006","article-title":"The effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on pain perception--an experimental study","volume":"6","author":"Busch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052822572374200_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2012.01385.x","article-title":"Evoked pain analgesia in chronic pelvic pain patients using respiratory-gated auricular vagal afferent nerve stimulation","volume":"13","author":"Napadow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052822572374200_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01203.x","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in fibromyalgia: a phase I\/II proof of concept trial","volume":"12","author":"Lange","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052822572374200_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003144","article-title":"Healthy women show more experimentally induced central sensitization compared with men","volume":"165","author":"Guekos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052822572374200_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glz186","article-title":"Age and sex differences in acute and osteoarthritis-like pain responses in rats","volume":"75","author":"Ro","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026052822572374200_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42560","article-title":"Using mice to model human osteoarthritis: age, biologic sex, and pain matter","volume":"75","author":"Loeser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026052822572374200_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41421","article-title":"Does pain at an earlier stage of chondropathy protect female mice against structural progression after surgically induced osteoarthritis?","volume":"72","author":"von Loga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052822572374200_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28473-8","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals time- and sex-specific responses of mouse spinal cord microglia to peripheral nerve injury and links ApoE to chronic pain","volume":"13","author":"Tansley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052822572374200_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38241-x","article-title":"Piezo2 expressing nociceptors mediate mechanical sensitization in experimental osteoarthritis","volume":"14","author":"Obeidat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052822572374200_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4053","article-title":"Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice","volume":"18","author":"Sorge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026052822572374200_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9505","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118458109","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and -gamma regulate IFNgamma and IL-17A production by human T cells in a sex-specific way","volume":"109","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026052822572374200_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12567","article-title":"Circulating T helper 9 cells and increased serum interleukin-9 levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis","volume":"43","author":"Qi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2022.101323","article-title":"Interferon-gamma modulates articular chondrocyte and osteoblast metabolism through protein kinase R-independent and dependent mechanisms","volume":"32","author":"Gilbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052822572374200_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12486","article-title":"Unicompartmental and bicompartmental knee osteoarthritis show different patterns of mononuclear cell infiltration and cytokine release in the affected joints","volume":"180","author":"Moradi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026052822572374200_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2001.0509","article-title":"Characterization of infiltrating T cells and Th1\/Th2-type cytokines in the synovium of patients with osteoarthritis","volume":"10","author":"Ishii","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00356","article-title":"T cells in osteoarthritis: alterations and beyond","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052822572374200_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-022-00446-2","article-title":"Synovial mast cells from knee and hip osteoarthritis: histological study and clinical correlations","volume":"9","author":"Farinelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Exp Orthop"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.39905","article-title":"IgE-mediated mast cell activation promotes inflammation and cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Elife."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052822572374200_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1995.1157","article-title":"Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta: a C-C chemokine in osteoarthritis","volume":"77","author":"Koch","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052822572374200_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.08.033","article-title":"Correlation of synovial fluid biomarkers with cartilage pathology and associated outcomes in knee arthroscopy","volume":"32","author":"Cuellar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026052822572374200_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.04.002","article-title":"An explorative study comparing levels of soluble mediators in control and osteoarthritic synovial fluid","volume":"21","author":"Beekhuizen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026052822572374200_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179208","article-title":"Cytokines and chemokines involved in osteoarthritis pathogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Molnar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052822572374200_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2025.09.005","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation as a novel therapeutic approach for musculoskeletal diseases","volume":"371","author":"Yadav","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052822572374200_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.12.026","article-title":"Low-level transcutaneous electrical vagus nerve stimulation suppresses atrial fibrillation","volume":"65","author":"Stavrakis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052822572374200_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42687","article-title":"Sex-linked discrepancies in C57BL6\/J mouse osteoarthritis are associated with the gut microbiome and are transferrable by microbiome transplantation","volume":"76","author":"Schlupp","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026052822572374200_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2024.106440","article-title":"Ameliorating effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on a mouse model of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"193","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"}],"container-title":["JBMR Plus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag078\/68159151\/ziag078.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article-pdf\/10\/6\/ziag078\/68159151\/ziag078.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article-pdf\/10\/6\/ziag078\/68159151\/ziag078.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T02:57:41Z","timestamp":1780023461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag078\/8662428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag078","relation":{},"ISSN":["2473-4039"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2473-4039","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"article-number":"ziag078"}}