{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T18:20:29Z","timestamp":1788373229442,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201707720029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201707720029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund FWF","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DK MOLIN-W1241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK MOLIN-W1241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hMSCs) are a great resource for studying how genes influence cell fate and differentiation into various cell types like osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, among other cell types. However, genetic manipulation of primary hMSCs has been challenging due to their short lifespan and cellular senescence after limited passaging. Their low and unstable transfection efficiency also complicates gene delivery or inactivation, hindering long-term functional studies. The limited lifespan has been effectively solved by immortalizing hMSCs with telomerase reverse transcriptase (hMSCs-TERT). The use of these cells is ideal for functional studies of osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation through genetic manipulation, providing a stable and reliable model. Here, we have engineered a stable CAS9 expressing hMSC-TERT cell line (hMSC-TERTCAS9) via lentiviral transduction. The constitutive expression of spCas9 enables efficient and reproducible gene editing. We demonstrate the potential of these hMSC-TERTCAS9 cells for generating gene disruptions using plasmid delivery of guide RNAs as a fast and efficient strategy for targeted genome editing. The edited cells can be sorted and expanded as single cells to obtain homogenous clonal cell lines with mono- as well as bi-allelic gene deletions, a crucial step for producing reliable experimental results. We further validate this cell line as a powerful tool for studying gene function during hMSC proliferation and differentiation, providing 3 distinct examples of its utility. Through the generation of indels, single-cell sorting, and clonal selection, we have efficiently inactivated the vitamin D receptor and created both larger (256 nucleotides) gene disruptions in Forkhead box protein O1 and precise removals of a small genomic sequence (73 nucleotides) coding for microRNA MIR675. This novel hMSC-TERTCAS9 cell line represents a significant advancement, offering a stable, efficient, and versatile platform for advanced genetic studies, high-throughput screening, and the creation of reliable cellular disease models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T11:42:47Z","timestamp":1784374967000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Generation of\n                    <i>spCAS9<\/i>\n                    expressing human mesenchymal stem cell line to study gene function during osteoblast differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9804-8859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ines","family":"Foessl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"COREMED-Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Precisions Medicine, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6996-545X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9972-2270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosinda","family":"Mies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1557-0869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moustapha","family":"Kassem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital , 5000 Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University , PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi ,","place":["United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2282-4006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes P T M","family":"van Leeuwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4403-6497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bram C J","family":"van der Eerden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-1807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Obermayer-Pietsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz , 8010 Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6524-727X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeroen","family":"van de Peppel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2024.01.004","article-title":"A perspective on muscle phenotyping in musculoskeletal research","volume":"35","author":"Foessl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090214065608300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731217","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.731217","article-title":"Perspective of the GEMSTONE consortium on current and future approaches to functional validation for skeletal genetic disease using cellular, molecular and animal-modeling techniques","volume":"30","author":"Rauner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090214065608300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6127","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b01155","article-title":"Submicron patterns-on-a-chip: fabrication of a microfluidic device incorporating 3D printed surface ornaments","volume":"5","author":"Nouri-Goushki","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater Sci Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090214065608300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2013.02.001","article-title":"Transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells-derived adipogenic-differentiated cells into osteogenic- or chondrogenic-differentiated cells proceeds via dedifferentiation and have a correlation with cell cycle arresting and driving genes","volume":"85","author":"Ullah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"issue":"5411","key":"2026090214065608300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090214065608300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.02.018","article-title":"Identification of three early phases of cell-fate determination during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation by transcription factor dynamics","volume":"8","author":"van de Peppel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090214065608300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00279-w","article-title":"Mechanisms of bone development and repair","volume":"21","author":"Salhotra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090214065608300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.01.003","article-title":"Legumain regulates differentiation fate of human bone marrow stromal cells and is altered in postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"8","author":"Jafari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090214065608300_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.346","article-title":"DLK1 is a novel regulator of bone mass that mediates estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in mice","volume":"26","author":"Abdallah","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"2026090214065608300_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02932","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells reside in virtually all post-natal organs and tissues","volume":"119","author":"da Silva","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090214065608300_ref11","first-page":"83","article-title":"Precursors for fibroblasts in different populations of hematopoietic cells as detected by the in vitro colony assay method","volume":"2","author":"Friedenstein","year":"1974","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090214065608300_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9142","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-4690","article-title":"Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells do not undergo transformation after long-term in vitro culture and do not exhibit telomere maintenance mechanisms","volume":"67","author":"Bernardo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2003.07.005","article-title":"Aging is associated with decreased maximal life span and accelerated senescence of bone marrow stromal cells","volume":"33","author":"Stenderup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090214065608300_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3403","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83088-1","article-title":"Expansion and characterization of bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stromal cells in serum-free conditions","volume":"11","author":"Bhat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"2026090214065608300_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.7.1161","article-title":"Clonal mesenchymal progenitors from human bone marrow differentiate in vitro according to a hierarchical model","volume":"113","author":"Muraglia","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0602-592","article-title":"Telomerase expression extends the proliferative life-span and maintains the osteogenic potential of human bone marrow stromal cells","volume":"20","author":"Simonsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2015.05.005","article-title":"Multiparameter analysis of human bone marrow stromal cells identifies distinct immunomodulatory and differentiation-competent subtypes","volume":"4","author":"James","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090214065608300_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10050","article-title":"Molecular phenotyping of telomerized human bone marrow skeletal stem cells reveals a genetic program of enhanced proliferation and maintenance of differentiation responses","volume":"2","author":"Twine","year":"2018","journal-title":"JBMR Plus"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090214065608300_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.11.059","article-title":"Maintenance of differentiation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells immortalized by human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene despite of extensive proliferation","volume":"326","author":"Abdallah","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090214065608300_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.23193","article-title":"Clonal analysis of the proliferation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as a function of potency","volume":"108","author":"Russell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090214065608300_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46483","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046483","article-title":"Hypoxia promotes osteogenesis but suppresses adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells in a hypoxia-inducible factor-1 dependent manner","volume":"7","author":"Wagegg","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090214065608300_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0497-2","article-title":"Knockdown of SLC41A1 magnesium transporter promotes mineralization and attenuates magnesium inhibition during osteogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"8","author":"Tsao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090214065608300_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.435","article-title":"GPM6B regulates osteoblast function and induction of mineralization by controlling cytoskeleton and matrix vesicle release","volume":"26","author":"Drabek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090214065608300_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2475-4","article-title":"GNAS1 and PHD2 short-interfering RNA support bone regeneration in vitro and in an in vivo sheep model","volume":"470","author":"R\u00edos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090214065608300_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2816","article-title":"Small players ruling the hard game: siRNA in bone regeneration","volume":"31","author":"Ghadakzadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090214065608300_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21503","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021503","article-title":"siRNA off-target effects can be reduced at concentrations that match their individual potency","volume":"6","author":"Caffrey","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090214065608300_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3010","article-title":"Recognizing and avoiding siRNA off-target effects for target identification and therapeutic application","volume":"9","author":"Jackson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref28","first-page":"1893","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: improving transgene expression level, transfection efficiency and cell viability","volume":"23","author":"Gonzalez Villarreal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J BUON"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090214065608300_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-011-0608-1","article-title":"Subcellular fate and off-target effects of siRNA, shRNA, and miRNA","volume":"28","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"2026090214065608300_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6563-2_9","volume-title":"Drug Target miRNA: Methods and Protocols New York","author":"P\u00e9pin","year":"2017"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3536","article-title":"CRISPR knockout screening outperforms shRNA and CRISPRi in identifying essential genes","volume":"34","author":"Evers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2020","key":"2026090214065608300_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8857344","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8857344","article-title":"Generation of inducible CRISPRi and CRISPRa human stromal\/stem cell lines for controlled target gene transcription during lineage differentiation","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"2026090214065608300_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RP96941","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.96941","article-title":"Bourgine PE. Compositional editing of extracellular matrices by CRISPR\/Cas9 engineering of human mesenchymal stem cell lines","volume":"13","author":"Prithiviraj","year":"2025","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090214065608300_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41968","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41968","article-title":"A combinational CRISPR\/Cas9 gene-editing approach can halt HIV replication and prevent viral escape","volume":"8","author":"Lebbink","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090214065608300_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku749","article-title":"Multiplex CRISPR\/Cas9-based genome engineering from a single lentiviral vector","volume":"42","author":"Kabadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090214065608300_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2647","article-title":"DNA targeting specificity of RNA-guided Cas9 nucleases","volume":"31","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090214065608300_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3437","article-title":"Optimized sgRNA design to maximize activity and minimize off-target effects of CRISPR-Cas9","volume":"34","author":"Doench","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026090214065608300_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9170-9_3","article-title":"Rapid quantitative evaluation of CRISPR genome editing by TIDE and TIDER","volume":"1961","author":"Brinkman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090214065608300_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019","article-title":"Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schindelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"2026090214065608300_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470151808.sc01h03s17","article-title":"Basic techniques in human mesenchymal stem cell cultures: differentiation into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, genetic perturbations, and phenotypic analyses","volume":"Chapter 1","author":"Bruedigam","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Stem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005701","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005701","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated genome editing of herpesviruses limits productive and latent infections","volume":"12","author":"van Diemen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026090214065608300_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.05.012","article-title":"Genome-wide principles of gene regulation by the vitamin D receptor and its activating ligand","volume":"347","author":"Pike","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090214065608300_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.01.019","article-title":"FOXO1 modulates osteoblast differentiation","volume":"48","author":"Siqueira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090214065608300_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.20","article-title":"Structure\/function relationships underlying regulation of FOXO transcription factors","volume":"27","author":"Obsil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090214065608300_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e264","DOI":"10.1038\/mtna.2015.37","article-title":"Off-target effects in CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated genome engineering","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.229102","article-title":"The human genome browser at UCSC","volume":"12","author":"Kent","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090214065608300_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2225","article-title":"Long noncoding RNA H19 promotes osteoblast differentiation via TGF-\u03b21\/Smad3\/HDAC signaling pathway by deriving miR-675","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090214065608300_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.113.156299","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"195","author":"Waaijers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090214065608300_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016000391","article-title":"Transgenesis in strongyloides and related parasitic nematodes: historical perspectives, current functional genomic applications and progress towards gene disruption and editing","volume":"144","author":"Lok","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090214065608300_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.117.300327","article-title":"Inducible genome editing with conditional CRISPR\/Cas9 mice","volume":"8","author":"Katigbak","year":"2018","journal-title":"G3"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090214065608300_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3422","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30480-8","article-title":"Bradley a. Cas9-induced large deletions and small indels are controlled in a convergent fashion","volume":"13","author":"Kosicki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090214065608300_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e166","DOI":"10.1038\/oncsis.2015.25","article-title":"FOXO1 inhibits osteosarcoma oncogenesis via Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway suppression","volume":"4","author":"Guan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"2026090214065608300_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.12.006","article-title":"MiRNA inhibition in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","volume":"88","author":"Beavers","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090214065608300_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55214","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055214","article-title":"On measuring miRNAs after transient transfection of mimics or antisense inhibitors","volume":"8","author":"Thomson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090214065608300_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20121","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20121","article-title":"H19 activates Wnt signaling and promotes osteoblast differentiation by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA","volume":"6","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090214065608300_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22312","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22312","article-title":"CRISPR\/cas9, a novel genomic tool to knock down microRNA in vitro and in vivo","volume":"29","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["JBMR Plus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag117\/69636790\/ziag117.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article-pdf\/10\/10\/ziag117\/69636790\/ziag117.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article-pdf\/10\/10\/ziag117\/69636790\/ziag117.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T18:07:04Z","timestamp":1788372424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmrplus\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag117\/8738602"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jbmrpl\/ziag117","relation":{},"ISSN":["2473-4039"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2473-4039","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"article-number":"ziag117"}}