{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:50:26Z","timestamp":1791276626140,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019727","name":"Japan Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019727","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP22K17367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K17367"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP26K20576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP26K20576"]}]},{"name":"Takemi Program in International Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008548","name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008548","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although many countries have developed CRC screening guidelines, how CRC screening guidelines are developed across countries remains unclear. This study examined guideline-development funding, stakeholders, and their conflicts of interest (COI), and compared CRC screening recommendations across Group of Seven (G7) countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed the most recent CRC screening guidelines issued by official research organizations or governmental bodies in G7 countries. We extracted information on responsible organizations, panel composition, recommendations, target ages, screening tests and intervals, supporting evidence, funding, and COI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While CRC screening recommendations showed some similarities across G7 countries, some differences were observed in starting age, screening modality, and implementation structure. Differences were also identified in funding, COI reporting and management, and stakeholder composition, including limited involvement of patient and public representatives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Colorectal cancer screening guidelines among G7 countries varied despite shared international evidence. These differences likely reflect country-specific factors, including population characteristics, screening participation, health system capacity, and cultural context. Given that guideline development involves diverse stakeholders, ensuring transparency in the guideline-development process is essential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jcag\/gwag024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:59:45Z","timestamp":1782860385000},"page":"271-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Global variability in colorectal cancer screening guidelines: panel composition and recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Koki","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center , Wakayama City, Wakayama 640-8558,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0824-454X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Soma Central Hospital , Soma City, Fukushima 976-0016,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine , Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health , Kyoto City, Kyoto 606-8501,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3313-1990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health , Kyoto City, Kyoto 606-8501,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA 02115,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B1","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.05.011","article-title":"Reducing the burden of colorectal cancer: AGA position statements","volume":"163","author":"Lieberman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.3798","article-title":"Estimated lifetime gained with cancer screening tests: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"183","author":"Bretthauer","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-018-0745-6","article-title":"Impact of patient involvement on clinical practice guideline development: a parallel group study","volume":"13","author":"Armstrong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Implementation Sci"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B5","volume-title":"Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Updated Decision Analysis for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","author":"Knudsen","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2208375","article-title":"Effect of colonoscopy screening on risks of colorectal cancer and related death","volume":"387","author":"Bretthauer","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B7","author":"Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA)","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B8","author":"Canadian Cancer Society","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026100603511985200_gwag024-B9","author":"Kumamoto City","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcag\/article-pdf\/9\/5\/271\/68668133\/gwag024.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcag\/article-pdf\/9\/5\/271\/68668133\/gwag024.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:51:28Z","timestamp":1791273088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcag\/article\/9\/5\/271\/8723161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jcag\/gwag024","relation":{},"ISSN":["2515-2084","2515-2092"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2515-2084","type":"print"},{"value":"2515-2092","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}}}