{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T02:40:08Z","timestamp":1750819208846,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Characters in movies have the potential to influence perceptions of how people see themselves. Deaf adolescents who have little opportunity to interact with Deaf peers or family members may be particularly drawn to Deaf people they see in the media. How the media portrays Deaf people may impact Deaf adolescents\u2019 self-perceptions of and language preferences. Yet little is known about the ways Deaf people are portrayed in movies, particularly films developed outside of the United States and not in English. In this study, we utilized content analysis to explore the portrayal of Deaf characters in Korean movies and Deaf involvement in the production of films. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the extent to which characters were portrayed by medical or cultural perspectives of Deaf people. Findings indicate that 68.5% of scenes in the sampled Korean films include medical rather than cultural messages about Deaf people. Additionally, none of the movies had Deaf people directly involved in the production of the films. Implications for future directions regarding identity and portrayal of Deaf people in media are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jdsade\/enaf003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T20:18:25Z","timestamp":1736367505000},"page":"372-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Portrayal of Deaf characters in Korean movies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1441-1310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, TN ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Golos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref1","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Social learning theory","author":"Bandura","year":"1977"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-9564-5_3","volume-title":"Public self and private self","author":"Baumeister","year":"1986"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410607027","volume-title":"Socioeconomic status, parenting, and child development","author":"Bornstein","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social capital and identity of d\/deaf adolescents: An interpretive phenomenological analysis","volume":"39","author":"Byatt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Disability & Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062422110564400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2016.0021","article-title":"Role models as facilitators of social capital for deaf individuals: A research synthesis","volume":"161","author":"Cawthon","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Annals of the Deaf"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062422110564400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.15724\/jslhd.2013.22.4.016","article-title":"A study on effective parent education for children with sensory impairments: Focused on visual impairment and hearing impairment","volume":"22","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Speech-Language & Hearing Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062422110564400_ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"The clustering characteristics of the education environment on the self-awareness of hearing impairment, deaf identity, and deaf culture of deaf college students with hearing impairment","volume":"11","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Korean Society of Education for Hearing-Language Impairments"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780190887599.003.0009","volume-title":"Deaf identities: Exploring new frontiers","author":"De Clerck","year":"2020"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025062422110564400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1080\/01434632.2019.1592181","article-title":"Describe, don\u2019t prescribe. The practice and politics of translanguaging in the context of deaf signers","volume":"40","author":"De Meulder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062422110564400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3828\/jlcds.2017.21","article-title":"Always, blind, and silenced: Disability discourses in contemporary south Korean cinema","volume":"11","author":"Diffrient","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies"},{"volume-title":"Identity: Youth and crisis (No. 7)","year":"1968","author":"Erikson","key":"2025062422110564400_ref11"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025062422110564400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1080\/15295036.2014.968603","article-title":"Constructing hearing loss or \u201cdeaf gain?\u201d voice, agency, and identity in television's representations of d\/deafness","volume":"31","author":"Foss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Critical Studies in Media Communication"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.59.5.577","article-title":"The issue is\u2014Nothing about us without us: Searching for the narrative of disability","volume":"59","author":"Franits","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"volume-title":"Representation of deaf characters and culture in young adult fiction","year":"2017","author":"Gangwish","key":"2025062422110564400_ref14"},{"volume-title":"Deaf-Latina\/Latino critical theory in education: The lived experiences and multiple intersecting identities of deaf-Latina\/o high school students","year":"2014","author":"Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez","key":"2025062422110564400_ref15"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315166728","volume-title":"Language deprivation and deaf mental health","author":"Glickman","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062422110564400_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/17482798.2010.486130","article-title":"The representation of deaf characters in Children's educational television in the US: A content analysis","volume":"4","author":"Golos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Children and Media"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062422110564400_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2011.0025","article-title":"Representations of deaf characters in children\u2019s picture books","volume":"156","author":"Golos","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Annals of the Deaf"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062422110564400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.36510\/learnland.v14i1.1028","article-title":"Building allies and sharing best practices: Cultural perspectives of deaf people and ASL can benefit all","volume":"14","author":"Golos","year":"2021","journal-title":"LEARNing Landscapes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062422110564400_ref20","first-page":"15","article-title":"Deaf cultural capital and its conflicts with hearing culture: Navigational successes and failures","volume":"54","author":"Greene-Woods","year":"2020","journal-title":"JADARA"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref21","first-page":"24","volume-title":"Language deprivation and deaf mental health","author":"Gulati","year":"2019"},{"volume-title":"Introduction to American deaf culture","year":"2012","author":"Holcomb","key":"2025062422110564400_ref24"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062422110564400_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3390\/languages8040240","article-title":"Demystifying Translanguaging","volume":"8","author":"Holcomb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Language"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062422110564400_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18061\/dsq.v22i2.344","article-title":"Deafness as culture: A psychosocial perspective","volume":"22","author":"Jones","year":"2002","journal-title":"Disability Studies Quarterly"},{"volume-title":"[Yes? Pick!] there is no \u2018Helen Keller law\u2019 for those who have lost sight and","year":"2021","author":"Kim","key":"2025062422110564400_ref27"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062422110564400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654318779957","article-title":"Developing a STEM identity among young women: A social identity perspective","volume":"88","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Review of Educational Research"},{"volume-title":"Tweens\u2019 and teens\u2019 media use in 2019","year":"2020","author":"Korea Press Promotion Foundation","key":"2025062422110564400_ref29"},{"volume-title":"Special education statistics","year":"2018","author":"Korean Ministry of Education","key":"2025062422110564400_ref30"},{"volume-title":"Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology","year":"2018","author":"Krippendorff","key":"2025062422110564400_ref31"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv2rcnghv","volume-title":"Guidelines for multilingual deaf education teacher preparation programs","author":"Kurz","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21832\/9781853595479","volume-title":"Understanding deaf culture: In search of deafhood","author":"Ladd","year":"2003"},{"volume-title":"The mask of benevolence: Disabling the deaf community","year":"1992","author":"Lane","key":"2025062422110564400_ref34"},{"volume-title":"A journey into the DEAF-WORLD","year":"1996","author":"Lane","key":"2025062422110564400_ref35"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062422110564400_ref36","first-page":"11","article-title":"How a quiet place is harmful to those in quiet worlds","volume":"5","author":"Mendoza","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Mall"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062422110564400_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2006.0029","article-title":"Demographics of deaf education: More students in more places","volume":"151","author":"Mitchell","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Annals of the Deaf"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062422110564400_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.58680\/la201829751","article-title":"Perspectives on practice: Creating and using educational media with a cultural perspective of deaf people","volume":"96","author":"Moses","year":"2018","journal-title":"Language Arts"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4337\/9781848445963.00010","volume-title":"Social capital: Reaching out, reaching in (pp. 17\u201338)","author":"Ostrom","year":"2009"},{"journal-title":"Cultural and language diversity and the deaf experience (pp. 3\u201319)","key":"2025062422110564400_ref40"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062422110564400_ref41","first-page":"155","article-title":"A phenomenological study on the deaf identity formation process of deaf youths","volume":"13","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Special Education: Theory and Practice"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(90)90212-B","article-title":"Damaged goods: Oral narratives of the experience of disability in American culture","volume":"30","author":"Phillips","year":"1990","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role models in movies: The impact of queen of Katwe on students' educational attainment","volume":"106","author":"Riley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025062422110564400_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.1080\/13670050.2022.2052791","article-title":"Building a foundation for reading success: Early American sign language and academic literacy outcomes among deaf and hard of hearing adolescents","volume":"25","author":"Scott","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref45","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Life as theater: A dramaturgical sourcebook","author":"Stone","year":"1990"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062422110564400_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.2979\/jfolkrese.2010.47.3.265","article-title":"The role of sign language narratives in developing identity for deaf children","volume":"47","author":"Sutton-Spence","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Folklore Research: An International Journal of Folklore and Ethnomusicology"},{"volume-title":"Position statement on schools for the deaf","year":"2021","author":"The National Association of the Deaf","key":"2025062422110564400_ref47"},{"key":"2025062422110564400_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12987\/yale\/9780300218879.001.0001","volume-title":"How media attract and affect youth","author":"Valkenburg","year":"2017"},{"volume-title":"Marvel studios: Assembled","year":"2022","author":"Visnic","key":"2025062422110564400_ref49"},{"volume-title":"Deaf representation in mainstream film: How a community should be portrayed","year":"2021","author":"Wolfe-Webb","key":"2025062422110564400_ref50"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025062422110564400_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1002\/tea.20195","article-title":"A comparative study of the self-efficacy beliefs of successful men and women in mathematics, science, and technology careers","volume":"45","author":"Zeldin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Science Teaching: The Official Journal of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jdsde\/article-pdf\/30\/3\/372\/61538253\/enaf003.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jdsde\/article-pdf\/30\/3\/372\/61538253\/enaf003.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T02:11:21Z","timestamp":1750817481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jdsde\/article\/30\/3\/372\/7964438"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jdsade\/enaf003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-4159","1465-7325"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1081-4159"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1465-7325"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]}}}