{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T07:23:37Z","timestamp":1781335417829,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5 R03 DC 007355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 R03 DC 007355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This paper is the fifth in a series concerned with factors affecting the level of access that educational interpreters provide to deaf and hard-of-hearing students. In previous papers, we have examined accuracy and intelligibility of educational interpreters who use Cued Speech (CS) and Signing Exact English (SEE). In this study, accuracy, or the proportion of the message correctly produced by the interpreter, was evaluated in 12 Conceptually Accurate Signed English (CASE) transliterators with varying degrees of experience at 3 different speaking rates (slow, normal, fast). Results were similar to previously reported data for CS and SEE transliterators: (a) speaking rate had a large negative effect on accuracy, primarily due to increased frequency of omissions, and (b) lag time had a very small negative effect on accuracy, accounting for just 3% of the variance. A small difference from previous studies was that increased experience level was not associated with increased accuracy; rather, all experience groups performed similarly. Finally, like their CS and SEE counterparts, the overall accuracy of the CASE transliterators (61% on average) was relatively low, which continues to raise concerns about the quality of transliteration services that (at least some) children receive in educational settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jdsade\/enaf008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T12:27:13Z","timestamp":1738240033000},"page":"359-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Conceptually accurate signed English transliteration: Effects of speaking rate and lag time on production accuracy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jean C","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 1017, Tampa, FL 33620 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea A","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 1017, Tampa, FL 33620 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven F","family":"Surrency","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 1017, Tampa, FL 33620 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref6","volume-title":"Lexical borrowing in American sign language","author":"Battison","year":"1978"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref7","volume-title":"Praat: Doing phonetics by computer [computer program]. Version 5.3.21","author":"Boersma","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.1986.0025","article-title":"The effects of lag time on interpreter errors","volume":"53","author":"Cokely","year":"1986","journal-title":"Sign Language Studies"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref9","first-page":"3","article-title":"Cued speech","volume":"112","author":"Cornett","year":"1967","journal-title":"American Annals of the Deaf"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref10","volume-title":"The life cycle of plants [film]","author":"Films for the Humanities (Producer)","year":"1989"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref11","first-page":"108","volume-title":"Manual communication: Implications for education","author":"Gustason","year":"1990"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1177\/001440299706300209","article-title":"Characteristics and practices of sign language interpreters in inclusive education programs","volume":"63","author":"Jones","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exceptional Children"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref13","volume-title":"The signs of language","author":"Klima","year":"1979"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enz042","article-title":"Signing Exact English Transliteration: Effects of Accuracy and Lag Time on Message Intelligibility","volume-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education","author":"Krause J. C., & Hague A. K.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enx024","article-title":"Cued speech transliteration: Effects of accuracy and lag time on message intelligibility","volume-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education","author":"Krause, J. C., & Lopez, K. A","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enz013","article-title":"Signing Exact English Transliteration: Effects of Speaking Rate and Lag Time on Production Accuracy","volume-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education","author":"Krause, J. C., & Murray, N. J.","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2010.11.001","article-title":"A method fortranscribing the manual components of Cued Speech","volume-title":"Speech Communication","author":"Krause, J. C., Pelley-Lopez, K. A., & Tessler, M. P.","year":"2011"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref14","first-page":"531","volume-title":"Cued speech and cued language development of deaf students","author":"Krause","year":"2010"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enw034","article-title":"Cued Speech transliteration: Effects of speaking rate and lag time on productionaccuracy","volume-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education","author":"Krause, J. C., & Tessler, M. P.","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/14790718.2017.1321651","article-title":"Beyond languages, beyond modalities: Transforming the study of semiotic repertoires","volume":"14","author":"Kusters","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Multilingualism"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref16","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Telecommunications demystified","author":"Nassar","year":"2001"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139163910","volume-title":"Sign language and linguistic universals","author":"Sandler","year":"2006"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119072256.ch18","volume-title":"The handbook of linguistics","author":"Sandler","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref19","volume-title":"Orientation to deafness","author":"Scheetz","year":"2001","edition":"Second"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref20","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Sign language in the schools: Current issues and controversies","author":"Schick","year":"1994"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enj007","article-title":"Look who\u2019s being left behind: Educational interpreters and access to education for deaf and hard-of-hearing students","volume":"11","author":"Schick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3138\/cmlr.2602","article-title":"Using the common European framework of reference for languages to teach sign language to parents of deaf children","volume":"71","author":"Snoddon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Canadian Modern Language Review"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref23","first-page":"61","article-title":"Transliteration: A comparison of consumer needs and transliterator preparation and practice","author":"Stauffer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Interpretation"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.1985.0008","article-title":"An assessment instrument for sign language interpreters","volume":"49","author":"Strong","year":"1985","journal-title":"Sign Language Studies"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1353\/sls.1986.0018","article-title":"The subjective assessment of sign language interpreters","volume":"53","author":"Strong","year":"1986","journal-title":"Sign Language Studies"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref26","first-page":"83","article-title":"Transliteration: The consumer\u2019s perspective","author":"Viera","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Interpretation"},{"key":"2025062423115687000_ref27","volume-title":"The sociolinguistics of the deaf community","author":"Winston","year":"1989"}],"container-title":["Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jdsde\/article-pdf\/30\/3\/359\/61896120\/enaf008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jdsde\/article-pdf\/30\/3\/359\/61896120\/enaf008.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T03:12:08Z","timestamp":1750821128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jdsde\/article\/30\/3\/359\/8015340"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jdsade\/enaf008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-4159","1465-7325"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-4159","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-7325","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]}}}