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Historically, the \u201cmating system\u201d has either been used to refer to the rate of self-fertilization or to the formation of mating pairs between individuals of distinct sexes. Consequently, these two types of mating systems have tended to be studied separately rather than jointly. This separation often means that mating systems are not necessarily researched in a coherent manner that might apply to different types of organisms (e.g., plants versus animals, or hermaphrodites versus dioecious species), even if similar mechanisms may drive the evolution of self-fertilization and mating pair formation. Here, we review the evolution of both plant and animal mating systems, highlighting where similar concepts underlie both these fields and also where differing mechanisms are at play. We particularly focus on the effects of inbreeding, but also discuss the influence of spatial dynamics on mating\u2013system evolution. We end with a synthesis of these different ideas and propose ideas for which concepts can be considered together to move towards a more cohesive approach to studying mating\u2013system evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jeb\/voaf009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T16:57:36Z","timestamp":1741107456000},"page":"673-692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Perspectives on mating\u2013system evolution: comparing concepts in plants and animals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3295-9481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josselin","family":"Clo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague Ben\u00e1tsk\u00e1 2 , Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]},{"name":"CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8198 \u2013 Evo-Eco-Paleo , Lille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diala","family":"Abu Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE\u2014Le Moulon , Gif-sur-Yvette ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0341-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trine","family":"Bilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Aarhus University , Aarhus C ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Centre for Ecology & Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus , Cornwall ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9131-6670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greta","family":"Bocedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8817-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph R","family":"Haag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0098-7074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Pannell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6941-0647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Hartfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025081220515273700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2000.890321.x","article-title":"Why are most selfers annuals? 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