{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:25:28Z","timestamp":1790619928386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERC Starting Grant"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004418","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OZR4049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OZR4049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The Dmrt gene family is characterized by a conserved DM domain, and is crucial to sex determination and sexual differentiation. Dmrt1 is pivotal in testis formation and function by interacting with genes crucial for Sertoli cell differentiation, such as Sox9. Across 128 vertebrate species, Dmrt1 exhibits sexually dimorphic expression, prior to gonadal sex differentiation, implicating its role in master regulation of sex determination. Dmrt1 emerges as a master sex-determining gene in one fish, frog, chicken, and turtle, with candidacy in 12 other vertebrate species. Recent studies suggest epigenetic regulation of Dmrt1 in its promoter methylation, and transposable element insertion introducing epigenetic modification to cis-regulatory elements of Dmrt1, alongside noncoding RNA involvement, in sex-determining mechanisms. Additionally, alternative splicing of Dmrt1 was found in all major vertebrate groups except amphibians. Dmrt1 has evolved many lineage-specific isoforms (ranging from 2 to 10), and various isoforms showed sex, tissue, or development-specific expression, which is in contrast to the sex-specific splicing of its homolog Dsx across insects. Future research should focus on understanding the molecular basis of environmental sex determination from a broader taxon, and that of epigenetic regulation. It is also essential to understand why and how alternative splicing variants of Dmrt1 evolve in vertebrates, the specific roles each isoform plays, as well as the significant differences in the molecular mechanisms and functions of alternative splicing between Dmrt1 in vertebrates and Dsx in insects. Understanding the differences could provide deeper insights into the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms between vertebrates and insects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jeb\/voaf031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T08:48:43Z","timestamp":1742719723000},"page":"811-831","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Decoding <i>Dmrt1<\/i>: insights into vertebrate sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Barbora","family":"Augstenov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Ecology, Evolution and Genetics, Biology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2585-6406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Juan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.22055","article-title":"Cloning and expression of candidate sexual development genes in the cane toad (Bufo marinus)","volume":"238","author":"Abramyan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.03.018","article-title":"Molecular cloning and quantitative expression of sexually dimorphic markers Dmrt1 and Foxl2 during female-to-male sex change in Epinephelus merra","volume":"157","author":"Alam","year":"2008","journal-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2008.08.005","article-title":"Multiple alternative splicing of Dmrt1 during gonadogenesis in Indian mugger, a species exhibiting temperature-dependent sex determination","volume":"425","author":"Anand","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2018.1529504","article-title":"Dynamic epimarks in sex-related genes predict gonad phenotype in the European sea bass, a fish with mixed genetic and environmental sex determination","volume":"13","author":"Anastasiadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R26","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-3-r26","article-title":"RNA sequencing reveals sexually dimorphic gene expression before gonadal differentiation in chicken and allows comprehensive annotation of the W-chromosome","volume":"14","author":"Ayers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-06852-z","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of genes related to gonad differentiation and development in Muscovy ducks","volume":"21","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"issue":"20","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3829","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-013-1288-2","article-title":"Expanding roles for the evolutionarily conserved Dmrt sex transcriptional regulators during embryogenesis","volume":"70","author":"Bellefroid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199657148.001.0001","article-title":"The evolution of sex determination","volume-title":"The evolution of sex determination","author":"Beukeboom","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s12041-010-0045-7","article-title":"Genetics of sex determination in the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)","volume":"89","author":"Beukeboom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Genetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2010.01163.x","article-title":"Evolution of the closely related, sex-related genes dm-w and dmrt1 in African clawed frogs (Xenopus)","volume":"65","author":"Bewick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1159\/000369116","article-title":"Chronology, magnitude and duration of expression of putative sex-determining\/differentiation genes in a turtle with temperature-dependent sex determination","volume":"8","author":"Bieser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11040416","article-title":"Turtle insights into the evolution of the reptilian karyotype and the genomic architecture of sex determination","volume":"11","author":"Bista","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genes"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1159\/000289579","article-title":"Differential DMRT1 expression in the gonads of Podarcis sicula (Reptilia: Lacertidae)","volume":"4","author":"Capriglione","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35461","article-title":"Sex change in clownfish: Molecular insights from transcriptome analysis","volume":"6","author":"Casas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2018.1650","article-title":"Differential expression of dmrt1 in Astyanax scabripinnis (Teleostei, Characidade) is correlated with B chromosome occurrence","volume":"16","author":"Castro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz268","article-title":"Developmental systems drift and the drivers of sex chromosome evolution","volume":"37","author":"Cauret","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1010990","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010990","article-title":"Functional dissection and assembly of a small, newly evolved, W chromosome-specific genomic region of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis","volume":"19","author":"Cauret","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn016","article-title":"Activation of \u03b2-catenin signaling by Rspo1 controls differentiation of the mammalian ovary","volume":"17","author":"Chassot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2890","article-title":"Whole-genome sequence of a flatfish provides insights into ZW sex chromosome evolution and adaptation to a benthic lifestyle","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cr.7310050","article-title":"Transcriptional diversity of DMRT1 (dsx- and mab3-related transcription factor 1) in human testis","volume":"26","author":"Cheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.107.078980","article-title":"Sex-specific splicing of the honeybee doublesex gene reveals 300 million years of evolution at the bottom of the insect sex-determination pathway","volume":"177","author":"Cho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1159\/000529754","article-title":"Avian sex determination: A chicken and egg conundrum","volume":"17","author":"Clinton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0241518","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241518","article-title":"The genomic structure of the highlyconserved dmrt1 gene in Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1868) shows an unexpected intragenic duplication","volume":"15","author":"Cross","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42213","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42213","article-title":"Genome editing reveals dmrt1 as an essential male sex-determining gene in Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)","volume":"7","author":"Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.23944","article-title":"Just how conserved is vertebrate sex determination","volume":"242","author":"Cutting","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.080135","article-title":"Role of apoptosis and cell proliferation in the testicular dynamics of seasonal breeding mammals: A study in the Iberian mole, Talpa occidentalis","volume":"83","author":"Dadhich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2009.03.048","article-title":"Alternative transcripts of DMRT1 in the European sea bass: Expression during gonadal differentiation","volume":"293","author":"Deloffre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1159\/000507838","article-title":"Spatiotemporal expression of Foxl2 and Dmrt1 before, during, and after sex determination in the sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea","volume":"13","author":"Di\u00e1z-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0204182","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204182","article-title":"Sex-specific dmrt1 and cyp19a1 methylation and alternative splicing in gonads of the protandrous hermaphrodite barramundi","volume":"13","author":"Domingos","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.563947","article-title":"Comparative genomics studies on the dmrt gene family in fish","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.03.011","article-title":"Developmental expression of sex steroid- and thyroid hormone-related genes and their regulation by triiodothyronine in the gonad-mesonephros of a Neotropical frog, Physalaemus pustulosus","volume":"177","author":"Duarte-Guterman","year":"2012","journal-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RP89284","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.89284.3","article-title":"DMRT1 is a testis determining gene in rabbits and is also essential for female fertility","volume":"12","author":"Dujardin","year":"2023","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/embo-reports\/kve050","article-title":"Hens, cocks and avian sex determination a quest for genes on Z or W","volume":"2","author":"Ellegren","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05684.x","article-title":"The Drosophila doublesex proteins share a novel zinc finger related DNA binding domain","volume":"12","author":"Erdman","year":"1993","journal-title":"EMBO Journal"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000096238","article-title":"mRNA expression analysis and the molecular basis of neonatal testis defects in Dmrt1 mutant mice","volume":"1","author":"Fahrioglu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1159\/000096234","article-title":"The evolution of sex chromosomes and sex determination in vertebrates and the key role of DMRT1","volume":"1","author":"Ferguson-Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56006","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056006","article-title":"Characterization of sex determination and sex differentiation genes in Latimeria","volume":"8","author":"Forconi","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12035","article-title":"Sexually dimorphic expression of Dmrt1 and \u03b3H2AX in germ stem cells during gonadal development in Xenopus laevis","volume":"6","author":"Fujitani","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"issue":"6389","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap8328","article-title":"The histone demethylase KDM6B regulates temperature-dependent sex determination in a turtle species","volume":"360","author":"Ge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.152033","article-title":"Dmrt1 induces the male pathway in a turtle species with temperature-dependent sex determination","volume":"144","author":"Ge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201000043","article-title":"Function and evolution of sex determination mechanisms, genes and pathways in insects","volume":"33","author":"Gempe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"issue":"6389","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat5993","article-title":"How does temperature determine sex","volume":"360","author":"Georges","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1159\/000357056","article-title":"Phylogenetic distribution and evolutionary dynamics of the sex determination genes doublesex and transformer in insects","volume":"8","author":"Geuverink","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2009.00874.x","article-title":"Identification and characterization of the doublesex gene of Nasonia","volume":"18","author":"Giebel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Insect Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21146","article-title":"Genetic and epigenetic effects in sex determination","volume":"108","author":"Gunes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today: Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.03.066","article-title":"Gene structure, multiple alternative splicing, and expression in gonads of zebrafish Dmrt1","volume":"330","author":"Guo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.09.085","article-title":"Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression in brain and gonad of Dmrt5 of zebrafish","volume":"324","author":"Guo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1159\/000100035","article-title":"Temperature-dependent sex determination in Hd-rR medaka Oryzias latipes: Gender sensitivity, thermal threshold, critical period, and DMRT1 expression profile","volume":"1","author":"Hattori","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1159\/000074354","article-title":"Differential Dmrt1 transcripts in gonads of the protandrous black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli","volume":"101","author":"He","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-003-0372-2","article-title":"Sex determination in Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica converges at the level of the terminal regulator doublesex","volume":"214","author":"Hediger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Development Genes and Evolution"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08030.x","article-title":"Dmrt1 genes at the crossroads: A widespread and central class of sexual development factors in fish","volume":"278","author":"Herpin","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201540667","article-title":"Plasticity of gene-regulatory networks controlling sex determination: Of masters, slaves, usual suspects, newcomers, and usurpators","volume":"16","author":"Herpin","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-7-99","article-title":"Inhibition of primordial germ cell proliferation by the medaka male determining gene Dmrt1bY","volume":"7","author":"Herpin","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2970","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2017-00316","article-title":"Sex reversal and comparative data undermine the W chromosome and support Z-linked DMRT1 as the regulator of gonadal sex differentiation in birds","volume":"158","author":"Hirst","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7558","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14574","article-title":"Sex reversal triggers the rapid transition from genetic to temperature-dependent sex","volume":"523","author":"Holleley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.07.035","article-title":"The function of Dmrt genes in vertebrate development: It is not just about sex","volume":"310","author":"Hong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.041871","article-title":"Multiple alternative splicing and differential expression of dmrt1 during gonad transformation of the rice field eel","volume":"73","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.194420","article-title":"Sex determination and maintenance: The role of DMRT1 and FOXL2","volume":"19","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Andrology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2020909118","article-title":"Primary sex determination in birds depends on DMRT1 dosage, but gonadal sex does not determine adult secondary sex characteristics","volume":"118","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0060","first-page":"349","article-title":"Sex determination and differentiation in frogs","volume-title":"Reproductive and developmental strategies. diversity and commonality in animals","author":"Ito","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2019.03.012","article-title":"Dmrt1 (doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor 1) expression during gonadal development and spermatogenesis in the Japanese eel","volume":"1","author":"Jeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-018-0558-1","article-title":"Molecular identification of dmrt1 and its promoter CpG methylation in correlation with gene expression during gonad development in Culter alburnus","volume":"45","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2022.101085","article-title":"Establishment of the Y-linked Dmrt1Y as the candidate sex determination gene in spotbanded scat (Selenotoca multifasciata)","volume":"23","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquaculture Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1526-968X(200003)26:3<174::AID-GENE2>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Temperature-dependent expression of turtle Dmrt1 prior to sexual differentiation","volume":"26","author":"Kettlewell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.04.046","article-title":"Cell type-autonomous and non-autonomous requirements for Dmrt1 in postnatal testis differentiation","volume":"307","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e187","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040187","article-title":"Fgf9 and Wnt4 act as antagonistic signals to regulate mammalian sex determination","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20158","article-title":"Two DM domain genes, DMY DMRT1, involved in testicular differentiation and development in the Medaka, Oryzias latipes","volume":"231","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"issue":"18","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.09.026","article-title":"Evolutionary origin of the medaka Y chromosome","volume":"14","author":"Kondo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ctdb.2019.02.004","article-title":"Genetic regulation of sex determination and maintenance in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"134","author":"Kossack","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2011.05.658","article-title":"DMRT1 promotes oogenesis by transcriptional activation of Stra8 in the mammalian fetal ovary","volume":"356","author":"Krentz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2013.02.014","article-title":"Interaction between DMRT1 function and genetic background modulates signaling and pluripotency to control tumor susceptibility in the fetal germ line","volume":"377","author":"Krentz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2014.02.012","article-title":"Over-expression of DMRT1 induces the male pathway in embryonic chicken gonads","volume":"389","author":"Lambeth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq167","article-title":"Array-CGH analysis in patients with syndromic and non-syndromic XY gonadal dysgenesis: Evaluation of array CGH as diagnostic tool and search for new candidate loci","volume":"25","author":"Ledig","year":"2010","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21876","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100902R","article-title":"DMRT1 gene disruption alone induces incomplete gonad feminization in chicken","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-021-2075-x","article-title":"Sex determination mechanisms and sex control approaches in aquaculture animals","volume":"65","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science China Life Sciences"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4814","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1451","article-title":"Antagonistic roles of Dmrt1 and Foxl2 in sex differentiation via estrogen production in tilapia as demonstrated by TALENs","volume":"154","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.117.300274","article-title":"Distinct and cooperative roles of amh and dmrt1 in self-renewal and differentiation of male germ cells","volume":"207","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.01.034","article-title":"Sexual cell fate reprogramming in the ovary by DMRT1","volume":"25","author":"Lindeman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6144","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab448","article-title":"The conserved sex regulator DMRT1 recruits SOX9 in sexual cell fate reprogramming","volume":"49","author":"Lindeman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.11.066","article-title":"Multiple alternative splicing of mouse Dmrt1 during gonadal differentiation","volume":"352","author":"Lu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5107","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.2209","article-title":"Dmrt1 polymorphism covaries with sex-determination patterns in Rana temporaria","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecology and Evolution"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-018-1548-4","article-title":"Evolutionary","volume":"19","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genome Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3390\/genes9060294","article-title":"Tissue specificity and dynamics of sex-biased gene expression in a common frog population with differentiated, yet homomorphic, sex chromosomes","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genes"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-4781(00)00186-x","article-title":"DMRT1 expression during gonadal differentiation and spermatogenesis in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","volume":"1493","author":"Marchand","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11020243","article-title":"Divergent seasonal reproductive patterns in syntopic populations of two murine species in southern spain, Mus spretus and Apodemus sylvaticus","volume":"11","author":"Massoud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-011-9264-x","article-title":"Dmrt1 mutation causes a male-to-female sex reversal after the sex determination by Dmy in the medaka","volume":"20","author":"Masuyama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chromosome Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2010.09.010","article-title":"The mammalian doublesex homolog DMRT1 is a transcriptional gatekeeper that controls the mitosis versus meiosis decision in male germ cells","volume":"19","author":"Matson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Developmental Cell"},{"issue":"7358","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10239","article-title":"DMRT1 prevents female reprogramming in the postnatal mammalian testis","volume":"476","author":"Matson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3161","article-title":"Sex and the singular DM domain: Insights into sexual regulation, evolution and plasticity","volume":"13","author":"Matson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Genetics"},{"issue":"6888","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nature751","article-title":"DMY is a Y-specific DM-domain gene required for male development in the medaka fish","volume":"417","author":"Matsuda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bio041962","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.041962","article-title":"Independent evolution for sex determination and differentiation in the DMRT family in animals","volume":"8","author":"Mawaribuchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biology Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw273","article-title":"Molecular evolution of two distinct dmrt1 promoters for germ and somatic cells in vertebrate gonads","volume":"34","author":"Mawaribuchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2016.06.015","article-title":"Sex chromosome differentiation and the W- and Z-specific loci in Xenopus laevis","volume":"426","author":"Mawaribuchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0094","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-011-9265-9","article-title":"Molecular evolution of vertebrate sex-determining genes","volume":"20","author":"Mawaribuchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chromosome Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0095","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.29.690","article-title":"Molecular cloning and expression profile of sex-specific genes, figla and dmrt1, in the protogynous hermaphroditic fish, Halichoeres poecilopterus","volume":"29","author":"Miyake","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zoological Science"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8639","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.8639","article-title":"Alternative splicing and thermosensitive expression of Dmrt1 during urogenital development in the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta","volume":"8","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"30","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13360","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006243107","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of DNA binding and transcriptional regulation by the mammalian Doublesex homolog DMRT1 in the juvenile testis","volume":"107","author":"Murphy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2199-8-58","article-title":"Vertebrate DM domain proteins bind similar DNA sequences and can heterodimerize on DNA","volume":"8","author":"Murphy","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e113365","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113365","article-title":"In vivo notch signaling blockade induces abnormal spermatogenesis in the mouse","volume":"9","author":"Murta","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2018.06.009","article-title":"Male-specific Dmrt1 is a candidate sex determination gene in spotted scat (Scatophagus argus)","volume":"495","author":"Mustapha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/163.1.245","article-title":"Common spontaneous sex-reversed XX males of the medaka Oryzias latipes","volume":"163","author":"Nanda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"18","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11778","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.182314699","article-title":"A duplicated copy of DMRT1 in the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome of the medaka, Oryzias latipes","volume":"99","author":"Nanda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1159\/000015567","article-title":"Conserved synteny between the chicken Z sex chromosome and human chromosome 9 includes the male regulatory gene DMRT1: A comparative (re)view on avian sex determination","volume":"89","author":"Nanda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1023\/b:fish.0000030516.50047.f4","article-title":"Expression of DMY and DMRT1 in the various tissues of the medaka, Oryzias latipes","volume":"28","author":"Ohmuro-Matsuyama","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2017.07.020","article-title":"Expression pattern of foxl2 and dmrt1 in gonad of Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii in relation to sex differentiation","volume":"479","author":"Okada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77094-y","article-title":"Expression profiling of sexually dimorphic genes in the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica","volume":"10","author":"Okuno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.2002.6711","article-title":"Novel paralogy relations among human chromosomes support a link between the phylogeny of doublesex-related genes and the evolution of sex determination","volume":"79","author":"Ottolenghi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"23","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2795","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm235","article-title":"Loss of Wnt4 and Foxl2 leads to female-to-male sex reversal extending to germ cells","volume":"16","author":"Ottolenghi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2021.110672","article-title":"Characterization, expression and CpG methylation analysis of Dmrt1 and its response to steroid hormone in blotched snakehead (Channa maculata)","volume":"257","author":"Ou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2023.739386","article-title":"Corrigendum to \u201cIdentification of sex-linked marker and candidate sex determination gene in ornamental fish, African scat (Scatophagus tetracanthus)\u201d [Aquaculture 563 (2023)\/739023]","volume":"569","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.23924","article-title":"Epigenetics of sex determination and gonadogenesis","volume":"242","author":"Piferrer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"issue":"1832","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20200110","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2020.0110","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in sex determination and in the evolutionary transitions between sexual systems","volume":"376","author":"Piferrer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.130192rp","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of AMH, DMRT1 and RSPO1 localization in the developing gonads of six anuran species","volume":"57","author":"Piprek","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.166.4.1761","article-title":"The evolution of the Drosophila sex-determination pathway","volume":"166","author":"Pomiankowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1011210","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1011210","article-title":"Dmrt1 is the only male pathway gene tested indispensable for sex determination and functional testis development in tilapia","volume":"20","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-09-0011","article-title":"Identification of multiple dmrt1s in catfish: Localization, dimorphic expression pattern, changes during testicular cycle and after methyltestosterone treatment","volume":"42","author":"Raghuveer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Endocrinology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7191","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx328","article-title":"In mammalian foetal testes, SOX9 regulates expression of its target genes by binding to genomic regions with conserved signatures","volume":"45","author":"Rahmoun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1999.9461","article-title":"Expression of Dmrt1 in the genital ridge of mouse and chicken embryos suggests a role in vertebrate sexual development","volume":"215","author":"Raymond","year":"1999","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"20","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.834100","article-title":"Dmrt1, a gene related to worm and fly sexual regulators, is required for mammalian testis differentiation","volume":"14","author":"Raymond","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genes and Development"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/8.6.989","article-title":"A region of human chromosome 9p required for testis development contains two genes related to known sexual regulators","volume":"8","author":"Raymond","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"issue":"6668","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/35618","article-title":"Evidence for evolutionary conservation of sex-determinng genes","volume":"391","author":"Raymond","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1159\/000104775","article-title":"Expression of putative sex-determining genes during the thermosensitive period of gonad development in the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina","volume":"1","author":"Rhen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000282495","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of sex determination in reptiles","volume":"4","author":"Rhen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"19","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4897","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14222","article-title":"Dmrt1 polymorphism and sex-chromosome differentiation in Rana temporaria","volume":"26","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecular Ecology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0125","volume-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation","author":"Russo","year":"1996"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-005-0053-4","article-title":"Up-regulation of P450arom and down-regulation of Dmrt-1 genes in the temperature-dependent sex reversal from genetic males to phenotypic females in a salamander","volume":"216","author":"Sakata","year":"2006","journal-title":"Development Genes and Evolution"},{"issue":"142","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20180165","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2018.0165","article-title":"Logical modelling uncovers developmental constraints for primary sex determination of chicken gonads","volume":"15","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genom-082410-101518","article-title":"Transitions between sex-determining systems in reptiles and amphibians","volume":"12","author":"Sarre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-013-2968-6","article-title":"Identification of Dmrt genes and their up-regulation during gonad transformation in the swamp eel (Monopterus albus)","volume":"41","author":"Sheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-6480(02)00039-4","article-title":"The Dmrt1 expression in sex-reversed gonads of amphibians","volume":"127","author":"Shibata","year":"2002","journal-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0131","first-page":"711","article-title":"Sex reversal of genetic females (XX) induced by the transplantation of XY somatic cells in the medaka, Oryzias latipes","volume":"46","author":"Shinomiya","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Developmental Biology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/45130","article-title":"Conservation of a sex-determining gene","volume":"402","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1159\/000103177","article-title":"Avian sex determination: What, when and where","volume":"117","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cytogenetic and Genome Research"},{"issue":"7261","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08298","article-title":"The avian Z-linked gene DMRT1 is required for male sex determination in the chicken","volume":"461","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.202000050","article-title":"Evolution of sex determination in amniotes: Did stress and sequential hermaphroditism produce environmental determination","volume":"42","author":"Strakov\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.07.044","article-title":"Transcriptional variants of Dmrt1 and expression of four Dmrt genes in the blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala","volume":"573","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/s0965-1748(01)00067-4","article-title":"The mechanism of sex-specific splicing at the doublesex gene is different between Drosophila melanogaster and Bombyx mori","volume":"31","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Insect Biochemisry and Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12522-015-0223-7","article-title":"Epigenetics of sex determination in mammals","volume":"15","author":"Tachibana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"22","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3745","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.024786","article-title":"Notch signaling maintains Leydig progenitor cells in the mouse testis","volume":"135","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1009235120741","article-title":"Transcripts of the MHM region on the chicken Z chromosome accumulate as non-coding RNA in the nucleus of female cells adjacent to the Dmrt1 locus","volume":"9","author":"Teranishi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chromosome Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.12.025","article-title":"Molecular cloning of anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone from the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis","volume":"333","author":"Urushitani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0142","volume-title":"Temperature-dependent sex determination in vertebrates","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1159\/000357146","article-title":"Genomic imprinting and maternal effect genes in haplodiploid sex determination","volume":"8","author":"Van De Zande","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2006.01.003","article-title":"Male-biased expression of X-chromosomal DM domain-less Dmrt8 genes in the mouse","volume":"88","author":"Veith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1997.4648","article-title":"Deletions of distal 9p associated with 46,XY male to female sex reversal: Definition of the breakpoints at 9p23.3-p24.1","volume":"41","author":"Veitia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2010.05.001","article-title":"Insect sex determination: It all evolves around transformer","volume":"20","author":"Verhulst","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Genetics and Development"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-019-1050-8","article-title":"Molecular and evolutionary dynamics of animal sex-chromosome turnover","volume":"3","author":"Vicoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Ecology and Evolution"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.104","article-title":"Genome analysis and signature discovery for diving and sensory properties of the endangered Chinese alligator","volume":"23","author":"Wan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Research"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.07.010","article-title":"Genome-wide investigation of Dmrt gene family in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","volume":"156","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0153","first-page":"1","article-title":"Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of Dmrt genes in echinoderms","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-019-8182-1","article-title":"Functional analysis of the promoter of the dmrt1 gene in Chinese tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Oceanology and Limnology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2014.407","article-title":"Mechanism of alternative splicing and its regulation","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomedical Reports"},{"issue":"16","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9085","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169085","article-title":"Transcriptome profiling and expression localization of key sex-related genes in a socially-controlled hermaphroditic clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-021-01205-y","article-title":"Transposon-induced epigenetic silencing in the X chromosome as a novel form of dmrt1 expression regulation during sex determination in the fighting fish","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Biology"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2018.08.007","article-title":"Genome-wide identification, evolution of DNA methyltransferases and their expression during gonadal development in Nile tilapia","volume":"226","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2015.1027172","article-title":"Early development of gonads in Muscovy duck embryos","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"British Poultry Science"},{"issue":"6488","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz4165","article-title":"Temperature-dependent sex determination is mediated by pSTAT3 repression of Kdm6b","volume":"368","author":"Weber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2016.12.008","article-title":"Dmrt1 is necessary for male sexual development in zebrafish","volume":"422","author":"Webster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.12277","article-title":"CpG methylation of dmrt1 and cyp19a promoters in relation to their sexual dimorphic expression in the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"84","author":"Wen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-014-0473-0","article-title":"Pan-metazoan phylogeny of the DMRT gene family: A framework for functional studies","volume":"224","author":"Wexler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Development Genes and Evolution"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-022-00514-4","article-title":"Alternative splicing as a source of phenotypic diversity","volume":"23","author":"Wright","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Genetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3072","article-title":"Low concentrations of dihydrotestosterone induce female-to-male sex reversal in the frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus","volume":"34","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-009-9619-y","article-title":"Exogenous cMHM regulates the expression of DMRT1 and ER\u03b1 in avian testes","volume":"37","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2519","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.048751","article-title":"Opposite roles of DMRT1 and its W-linked paralogue, DM-W, in sexual dimorphism of Xenopus laevis: Implications of a ZZ\/ZW-type sex-determining system","volume":"137","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08031.x","article-title":"A ZZ\/ZW-type sex determination in Xenopus laevis","volume":"278","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS Journal"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0712244105","article-title":"A W-linked DM-domain gene, DM-W, participates in primary ovary development in Xenopus laevis","volume":"105","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0167","volume-title":"DMRT genes in vertebrate gametogenesis","author":"Zarkower","year":"2013","edition":"1"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1159\/000518272","article-title":"DMRT1: An ancient sexual regulator required for human gonadogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Zarkower","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sexual Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.166.4.1887","article-title":"Evolution of DMY, a newly emergent male sex-determination gene of medaka fish","volume":"166","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2116475119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2116475119","article-title":"Sex-specific splicing of Z- and W-borne nr5a1 alleles suggests sex determination is controlled by chromosome conformation","volume":"119","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.114.121418","article-title":"Isolation of Doublesex- and Mab-3-related transcription factor 6 and its involvement in spermatogenesis in tilapia","volume":"91","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-006-0117-0","article-title":"Multiple alternative splicing in gonads of chicken DMRT1","volume":"217","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Development Genes and Evolution"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.128638","article-title":"Genome-wide investigation of the DMRT gene family sheds new insight into the regulation of sex differentiation in spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) with fusion chromosomes (Y)","volume":"257","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.15302\/J-FASE-2016093","article-title":"Progress in studies of sex determination mechanisms and sex control techniques in Cynoglossus semilaevis (half-smooth tongue sole)","volume":"3","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering"},{"issue":"14","key":"2025081213561740600_CIT0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.14.14.1750","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in diverse metazoans is regulated by a novel class of intertwined zinc fingers","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genes and Development"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evolutionary Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jeb\/voaf031\/62524299\/voaf031.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/38\/7\/811\/62524299\/voaf031.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/article-pdf\/38\/7\/811\/62524299\/voaf031.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T17:56:35Z","timestamp":1755021395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/article\/38\/7\/811\/8090523"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Meisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lenormand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"references-count":175,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jeb\/voaf031","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]}}}