{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:30:14Z","timestamp":1787567414039,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012681","name":"CNRS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"EVOSEXCAN","award":["ANR-23-CE13-0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-23-CE13-0007"]}]},{"name":"SIRIC Montpellier Cancer","award":["InCa-DGOSINSERM6045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["InCa-DGOSINSERM6045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite decades of cancer research, the stage of life at which cancerous processes lead to tumor formation in various organs remains poorly understood. This uncertainty largely stems from the lack of systematic monitoring of organs across different life stages, resulting in tumors often being detected at various stages of development and making it difficult to determine when they initially emerged and began to grow. Moreover, individuals in real-world settings are exposed to diverse environmental factors that generate substantial inter-individual variability, as lifestyle undeniably contributes to tumorigenesis. To address this gap, we performed regular histological monitoring of tumoral processes in wild-derived laboratory strain mice maintained under standardized laboratory conditions. We specifically compared three small endocrine organs (ovary, thyroid, and adrenal glands) with four larger organs (lung, liver, mammary gland, and kidney) at different time points across the animals\u2019 lifespan. To introduce realistic genetic variability, we initially crossed wild-derived inbred laboratory strains. Our findings reveal that the earliest signs of tumor development do not appear before 18 months of age, which is relatively late in the lifespan of these outbred individuals. These results support the view that cancerous processes predominantly emerge in late life and suggest that heterozygosity provides a protective effect, while emphasizing that tumor development remains shaped by interactions with the tissue microenvironment even under controlled conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jeb\/voag054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:31:51Z","timestamp":1785252711000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Temporal mapping of tumor development in mice reveals late onset and benefits of heterozygosity"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Florence","family":"Bernex","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Canc\u00e9rologie de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Inserm, ICM , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"BioCampus Montpellier, Univ Montpellier , CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Bonhomme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEM, Univ Montpellier , CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Pirot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Canc\u00e9rologie de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Inserm, ICM , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"BioCampus Montpellier, Univ Montpellier , CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Arnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Boutinaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoan","family":"Buscail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Canc\u00e9rologie de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Inserm, ICM , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"BioCampus Montpellier, Univ Montpellier , CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charl\u00e8ne","family":"Berthet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Canc\u00e9rologie de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Inserm, ICM , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"BioCampus Montpellier, Univ Montpellier , CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Barougier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Faugere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Cassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9borah","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine M","family":"Dujon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University , Waurn Ponds, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2391-2988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Ujvari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University , Waurn Ponds, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2238-1978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREEC\/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/422035a","article-title":"Disease susceptibility in California sea lions","volume":"422","author":"Acevedo-Whitehouse","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2008.04.012","article-title":"Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome","volume-title":"Surgical Clinics of North America","author":"Al-Sukhni","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/28.5.1153","article-title":"Occurrence of tumors in wild house mice","volume":"28","author":"Andervont","year":"1962","journal-title":"JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2741\/1808","article-title":"Effect of host age on tumor growth rate in rodents","volume":"11","author":"Anisimov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026082405120491700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005647","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005647","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of golden retrievers identifies germ-line risk factors predisposing to mast cell tumours","volume":"11","author":"Arendt","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLos Genet"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.12.1437","article-title":"Frequency of germline genomic homozygosity associated with cancer cases","volume":"299","author":"Assi\u00e9","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106391","article-title":"Linking pollution and cancer in aquatic environments: A review","volume":"149","author":"Baines","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environment International"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1107","article-title":"The genetics and genomics of cancer","volume-title":"Nature Genetics","author":"Balmain","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/23.8.1343","article-title":"Meta- and pooled analyses of the effects of glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphisms and smoking on lung cancer risk","volume":"23","author":"Benhamou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026082405120491700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2328","article-title":"Why don\u2019t we get more cancer? A proposed role of the microenvironment in restraining cancer progression","volume":"17","author":"Bissell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026082405120491700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/23.5.803","article-title":"Polymorphism at GSTM1, GSTM3 and GSTT1 gene loci and sus-ceptibility to oral cancer in an Indian population","volume":"23","author":"Buch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-008-0529-1","article-title":"Hereditary breast cancer: New genetic developments, new therapeutic avenues","volume":"124","author":"Campeau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Human Genetics"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2000140","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.202000140","article-title":"Tissue-disruption-induced cellular stochasticity and epigenetic drift: common origins of aging and cancer?","volume":"43","author":"Capp","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioEssays"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-017-9704-9","article-title":"Whole exome sequencing of wild-derived inbred strains of mice improves power to link phenotype and genotype","volume":"28","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mammalian Genome"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006010526813","article-title":"Genomic organization of the canine p53 gene and its mutational status in canine mammary neoplasia","volume":"50","author":"Chu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-24-0573","article-title":"Cancer prevalence across vertebrates","volume":"15","author":"Compton","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Discovery"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2008.07.021","article-title":"Infections and cancer: established associations and new hypotheses","volume-title":"Critical Reviews in Oncology\/Hematology","author":"de\u00a0Martel","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6497","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-12151-6","article-title":"GLOBOCAN 2020 report on Global Cancer burden: challenges and opportunities for surgical oncologists","volume":"29","author":"Deo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Surgical Oncology"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13763","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.13763","article-title":"The complex effects of modern oncogenic environments on the fitness, evolution and conservation of wildlife species","volume":"17","author":"Dujon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Evolutionary Applications"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf018","article-title":"Pooled analysis and meta-analysis of glutathione S-transferase M1 and bladder cancer: A HuGE review","volume":"156","author":"Engel","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5885","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209871","article-title":"Mouse models of BRCA1 and BRCA2 deficiency: past lessons, current understanding and future prospects","volume":"25","author":"Evers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12023","article-title":"Toward a general evolutionary theory of oncogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Ewald","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evolutionary Applications"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2020.08.007","article-title":"Mice are not humans: the case of p53","volume":"7","author":"Fischer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends in Cancer"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(02)00115-5","article-title":"Glutathione-S-transferases M1 (GSTM1) and GSTT1 genotype, smoking, consumption of alcohol and tea and risk of esophageal and stomach cancers: A case-control study of a high-incidence area in Jiangsu Province","volume":"188","author":"Gao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Letters"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1159\/000381196","article-title":"Is \u201cbad luck\u201d an important determinant of cancer incidence and does this concept apply to kidney tumors?","volume":"129","author":"Garattini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-018-0558-7","article-title":"Human activities might influence oncogenic processes in wild animal populations","volume":"2","author":"Giraudeau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Ecology & Evolution"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-10-559","article-title":"Canine and human gastrointestinal stromal tumors display similar mutations in c-KIT exon 11","volume":"10","author":"Gregory-Bryson","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082405120491700_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(02)00007-0","article-title":"Wild mice: an ever-increasing contribution to a popular mammalian model","volume":"19","author":"Gu\u00e9net","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends in Genetics"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-017-1038-7","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"34","author":"Gutierrez-Camino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medical Oncology"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.02.022","article-title":"Accessories to the crime: functions of cells recruited to the tumor microenvironment","volume":"21","author":"Hanahan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12726","article-title":"A framework for how environment contributes to cancer risk","volume":"20","author":"Hochberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecology Letters"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4472","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-09-244483","article-title":"Genome-wide homozygosity signatures and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk","volume":"115","author":"Hosking","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1892\/0891-6640(2005)19[329:FLITPL]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Feline lymphoma in the post-feline leukemia virus era","volume":"19","author":"Louwerens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib34","first-page":"303","article-title":"ber Schleimf\u00e4rbung","volume":"12","author":"Mayer","year":"1896","journal-title":"Mitteilungen der Zoologischen Station Neapel"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082405120491700_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eoad011","article-title":"Social determinants of health and disease in companion dogs: A cohort study from the Dog Aging Project","volume":"11","author":"McCoy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20150104","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0104","article-title":"Peto\u2019s paradox and human cancers","volume":"370","author":"Noble","year":"2015","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40575-023-00131-2","article-title":"Dog breeds and conformations predisposed to osteosarcoma in the UK: a VetCompass study","volume":"10","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2023","journal-title":"Canine Medicine and Genetics"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12060","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-86505-x","article-title":"Phenogenomic resources immortalized in a panel of wild-derived strains of five species of house mice","volume-title":"Scientific Reports","author":"Pi\u00e1lek","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201439246","article-title":"The extracellular matrix modulates the hallmarks of cancer","volume":"15","author":"Pickup","year":"2014","journal-title":"Embo Reports"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.08.001","article-title":"Intrinsic versus extrinsic cancer risk factors and aging","volume":"22","author":"Podolskiy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends in Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1191\/0748233701th091oa","article-title":"Age distribution of cancer in mice: the incidence turnover at old age","volume":"17","author":"Pompei","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicology and Industrial Health"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3394","article-title":"Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis","volume":"19","author":"Quail","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8770","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-1725","article-title":"Mammary tumor development in dogs is associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2","volume":"69","author":"Rivera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201500012","article-title":"Bad luck and cancer: does evolution spin the wheel of fortune?","volume-title":"BioEssays","author":"Roche","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2016.09.004","article-title":"The evolution of lifespan and age-dependent cancer risk","volume":"2","author":"Rozhok","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends in Cancer"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/aac2.12046","article-title":"Increased risk of cancer in dogs and humans: A consequence of recent extension of lifespan beyond evolutionarily determined limitations?","volume":"3","author":"Sarver","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging and Cancer"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20182434","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2018.2434","article-title":"Urban environment and cancer in wildlife: available evidence and future research avenues","volume":"286","author":"Sepp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-007-9368-1","article-title":"Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA variation defines island genetic reservoirs for reintroductions of an endangered Australian marsupial, Perameles bougainville","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Conservation Genetics"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2013.05.003","article-title":"Long runs of homozygosity are enriched for deleterious variation","volume":"93","author":"Szpiech","year":"2013","journal-title":"The American Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12920","article-title":"Rare and unique adaptations to cancer in domesticated species: an untapped resource?","volume":"13","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evolutionary Applications"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0343-z","article-title":"The importance of cancer cells for animal evolutionary ecology","volume":"1","author":"Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Ecology & Evolution"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2016.01.004","article-title":"Intrinsic versus extrinsic cancer risks: the debate continues","volume":"2","author":"Thomas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends in Cancer"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2016.06.009","article-title":"Evolutionary ecology of organs: A missing link in cancer development?","volume":"2","author":"Thomas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends in Cancer"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2264-7","article-title":"Runs of homozygosity and inbreeding in thyroid cancer","volume":"16","author":"Thomsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260825","article-title":"Variation in cancer risk among tissues can be explained by the number of stem cell divisions","volume":"347","author":"Tomasetti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20172589","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2017.2589","article-title":"Genetic diversity, inbreeding and cancer","volume":"285","author":"Ujvari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-5-39","article-title":"Animal tumour registry of two provinces in northern Italy: incidence of spontaneous tumours in dogs and cats","volume":"5","author":"Vascellari","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Veterinary Research"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04224-5","article-title":"Cancer risk across mammals","volume":"601","author":"Vincze","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2013.07.005","article-title":"Cancer: A missing link in ecosystem functioning?","volume":"28","author":"Vittecoq","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026082405120491700_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"djv125","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djv125","article-title":"Is bad luck the main cause of cancer?","volume":"107","author":"Weinberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-009-0258-5","article-title":"Prevalence, emergence, and factors associated with a viral papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome in wild, reintroduced, and captive western barred bandicoots (Perameles bougainville)","volume":"6","author":"Woolford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecohealth"},{"key":"2026082405120491700_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16166","article-title":"Substantial contribution of extrinsic risk factors to cancer development","volume":"529","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evolutionary Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jeb\/voag054\/70274863\/voag054.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jeb\/voag054\/70274863\/voag054.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T09:12:08Z","timestamp":1787562728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/jeb\/voag054\/8746091"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Meisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"Andriy","family":"Marusyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":63,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jeb\/voag054","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"article-number":"voag054"}}