{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:22:28Z","timestamp":1763389348588,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services","award":["AP17PPQS&T00C079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP17PPQS&T00C079"]}]},{"name":"Dutch ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality","award":["BO-20-003-048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO-20-003-048"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The small hive beetle, Aethina tumida Murray, is an invasive pest that has spread globally. Western honey bees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), are considered the most important host and infestations can lead to collapse of colonies. Larvae feed on honey, pollen, and brood inside the hive and leave the hive as postfeeding wandering larvae to pupate in the surrounding soil. Other host species include bumble bees, stingless bees, and solitary bees, all of which can facilitate small hive beetle reproduction and are used for greenhouse crop pollination worldwide. Here, we investigated if small hive beetles can complete their life cycle when soil is absent by pupating in plant root-supporting substrates commonly used in greenhouses. Wandering small hive beetle larvae were introduced into containers with coconut fiber, perlite, a mixture of both and stone wool substrates to investigate pupation success and development time. Sand was used as control substrate. In all but one substrate (perlite), small hive beetles developed into adults equally well as they did in the sand. Development time ranged between 23 and 37 d and was not different from that of the control. We showed that small hive beetles can pupate in greenhouse substrates. This could constitute a problem for greenhouse pollination as well as it could facilitate small hive beetle survival in areas which otherwise would be deemed unsuitable or marginal environments for small hive beetles to become established. Our study highlights the opportunistic nature of the small hive beetle as an invasive species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toaa224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T11:11:02Z","timestamp":1598958662000},"page":"3032-3034","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Successful Pupation of Small Hive Beetle, <i>Aethina tumida<\/i> (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), in Greenhouse Substrates"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6610-0811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bram","family":"Cornelissen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James D","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Honey Bee Research and Extension Laboratory, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63696-6.00007-4","article-title":"Inorganic and synthetic organic components of soilless culture and potting mixtures,","volume-title":"Soilless culture","author":"Bar-Tal","year":"2019"},{"volume-title":"Visie bijenhouderij en insectenbestuiving: analyse van bedreigingen en knelpunten","year":"2009","author":"Blacqui\u00e8re","key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0002"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3642","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14791","article-title":"Global warming promotes biological invasion of a honey bee pest","volume":"25","author":"Cornelissen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glob. Chang. Biol"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0004","first-page":"135","article-title":"Small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) contributions to colony losses,","volume-title":"Honey bee colony health: challenges and sustainable solutions","author":"Ellis","year":"2012"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s00040-005-0851-8","article-title":"An ecological digest of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida), a symbiont in honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera)","volume":"53","author":"Ellis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Insectes Soc"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-0493-95.5.902","article-title":"Longevity and reproductive success of Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) fed different natural diets","volume":"95","author":"Ellis","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6422","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.5217","article-title":"Bees and flowers: how to feed an invasive beetle species","volume":"9","author":"Gonthier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195316957.003.0003","article-title":"Crop pollination in greenhouses,","volume-title":"Bee pollination in agricultural ecosystems","author":"Guerra-Sanz","year":"2008"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00040-008-0982-9","article-title":"Potential host shift of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) to bumble bee colonies (Bombus impatiens)","volume":"55","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Insectes Soc"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1051\/apido:2004010","article-title":"The biology of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida, Coleoptera: Nitidulidae): gaps in our knowledge of an invasive species","volume":"35","author":"Neumann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Apidologie"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3896\/IBRA.1.52.4.19","article-title":"Standard methods for small hive beetle research, pp. 1\u201332. In V. Dietemann, J. D. Ellis, and P. Neumann (eds.), The COLOSS BEEBOOK, volume II: standard methods for Apis mellifera pest and pathogen research","volume":"52","author":"Neumann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Apic. Res"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s13592-016-0426-x","article-title":"Quo vadis Aethina tumida? Biology and control of small hive beetles","volume":"47","author":"Neumann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Apidologie"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-019-01917-x","article-title":"How to slow the global spread of small hive beetles, Aethina tumida","volume":"21","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"2020120907235793700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/00218839.2006.11101313","article-title":"Cryptic low-level reproduction of small hive beetles in honeybee colonies","volume":"45","author":"Spiewok","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Apic. 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