{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T03:58:45Z","timestamp":1768881525415,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007934","name":"Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJCX20180415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJCX20180415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007934","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission","award":["Z201100008320013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z201100008320013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Putative mechanisms underlying spinosyn resistance have been identified in controlled studies on many species; however, mechanisms underlying field-evolved resistance and the development of a molecular diagnostic method for monitoring field resistance have lagged behind. Here, we examined levels of resistance of melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera:Thripidae), to spinetoram as well as target site mutations in field populations across China to identify potential mechanisms and useful molecular markers for diagnostic and quantifying purposes. In resistant populations, we identified the G275E mutation, which has previously been linked to spinosyns resistance, and F314V mutation, both located in the \u03b16 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. There was a strong correlation between levels of spinetoram resistance and allele frequency of G275E mutation in field-collected populations (r2 = 0.84) and those reared under laboratory conditions for two to five generations (r2 = 0.91). LC50 ranged from 0.12 to 0.66 mg\/liter in populations without G275E mutation, whereas it ranged from 33.12 to 39.91 mg\/liter in most populations with a G275E mutation frequency more than 90%. Our results indicate that the field-evolved resistance of T. palmi to spinetoram in China is mainly conferred by the G275E mutation. The frequency of the G275E mutation provides a useful diagnostic for quantifying resistance levels in field populations of T. palmi.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toaa314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T17:41:00Z","timestamp":1608054060000},"page":"339-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Association Between Susceptibility of <i>Thrips palmi<\/i> to Spinetoram and Frequency of G275E Mutation Provides Basis for Molecular Quantification of Field-Evolved Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Pan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shao-Kun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Fu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin-Cui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Jun","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Qing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Jun","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ary Anthony","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7398-0968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Jun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021020908561308400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4081\/jear.2016.5653","article-title":"A review of Spinosyns, a derivative of biological acting substances as a class of insecticides with a broad range of action against many insect pests","volume":"48","author":"Bacci","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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