{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T16:14:53Z","timestamp":1787933693317,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000040","name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Canadian Agri-Science for Horticulture 3","award":["#ASC18\/19-Activity 8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#ASC18\/19-Activity 8"]}]},{"name":"Association des producteurs mara\u00eechers du Qu\u00e9bec"},{"name":"Bishop\u2019s University and Compagnie de recherches Phytodata"},{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Agriculture, des P\u00eacheries et de l\u2019Alimentation du Qu\u00e9bec","award":["21-005-PHYD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-005-PHYD"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The cabbage maggot (Delia radicum (L.)) is a major pest of brassica vegetables in Canada that has traditionally been managed with soil-applied insecticides. However, recent regulatory restrictions on key products such as chlorpyrifos have created a pressing need for alternative solutions. This study evaluates the sterile insect technique (SIT) as a control method for the cabbage maggot in root crucifers. Large-scale field trials conducted from 2019 to 2022 in Quebec (Canada) demonstrated significant reductions in D. radicum infestations in radish and daikon crops. Quality control measures confirmed the effectiveness of sterilization on cabbage maggot, with minimal impact on male performance. The results suggest that the SIT is a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to chemical control for cabbage maggot management. The study further highlights the importance of optimizing release strategies and improving predictive models to guide deployment. Overall, the SIT offers growers a viable option to reduce reliance on insecticides while maintaining crop health and yield.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toaf255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T11:43:13Z","timestamp":1756899793000},"page":"2710-2717","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sterile insect technique reduces cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) infestation in root crucifers in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Fortier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Compagnie de recherches Phytodata Inc , Sherrington, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6989-9278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allen","family":"Bush-Beaupr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bishop\u2019s University, Biology and Biochemistry , Sherbrooke, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3876-4829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jade","family":"Savage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bishop\u2019s University, Biology and Biochemistry , Sherbrooke, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B1","author":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v111.i09","article-title":"How to interpret statistical models using marginaleffects for R and Python","volume":"111","author":"Arel-Bundock","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Stat. Soft"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003035572-11","volume-title":"Sterile insect technique: principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management","author":"Bakri","year":"2021","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.93.4.607","article-title":"Brassicaceae phylogeny and trichome evolution","volume":"93","author":"Beilstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-4323","article-title":"Neurobehavioral deficits, diseases, and associated costs of exposure to endocrine-\u00addisrupting chemicals in the European Union","volume":"100","author":"Bellanger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2017-066","article-title":"glmmTMB balances speed and flexibility among packages for zero-inflated generalized linear mixed modeling","volume":"9","author":"Brooks","year":"2017","journal-title":"R J."},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-4051-2_10","volume-title":"Sterile insect technique: principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management","author":"Calkins","year":"2005"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3390\/insects11060369","article-title":"The potential for decision support tools to improve the management of root-feeding fly pests of vegetables in Western Europe","volume":"11","author":"Collier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7802-3_9","article-title":"Implementation and adoption of integrated pest management in Canada: insects","volume":"4","author":"Dixon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Integr. Pest Manage"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4039\/Ent126251-2","article-title":"Susceptibilities of species and cultivars of canola and mustard to infestation by root maggots (Delia spp.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)","volume":"126","author":"Dosdall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003035572","volume-title":"Sterile insect technique: principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management","author":"Dyck","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2009.01.013","article-title":"Field evaluation of the combined deterrent and attractive effects of dimethyl disulfide on Delia radicum and its natural enemies","volume":"49","author":"Ferry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Cont"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.34.010189.001001","article-title":"Ecological considerations in the management of Delia pest species in vegetable crops","volume":"34","author":"Finch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1079\/9781800623279.0021","volume-title":"Biological control programmes in Canada, 2013-2023","author":"Fortier","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B15","author":"Fortier","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B16","volume-title":"Agriculture, P\u00eacheries et Alimentation Qu\u00e9bec","author":"Fournier","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B17","author":"Fournier","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/64.4.869","article-title":"Determination of sterile-insect competitiveness","volume":"64","author":"Fried","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B19","author":"Giroux","year":"2010"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B20","author":"Giroux","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B21","author":"Hartig","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B22","author":"Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021677914391","article-title":"Ambient toxicity due to chlorpyrifos and diazinon in a central California coastal watershed","volume":"82","author":"Hunt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2307\/2404844","article-title":"Overwintering in the cabbage root fly Delia radicum: a dynamic model of temperature-dependent dormancy and post-dormancy development","volume":"34","author":"Johnsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Appl"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-4051-2_1","volume-title":"Sterile insect technique: principles and practice in area-wide integrated pest management","author":"Klassen","year":"2005"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.4039\/Ent114647-7","article-title":"Frequency of mating in the onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)","volume":"114","author":"Martin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Can. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B27","first-page":"28","article-title":"Phenology of egg-laying of the cabbage maggot, Hylemya brassicae (Bouche) on early cabbage in eastern Ontario","volume":"102","author":"Matthewman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ont"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B28","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7871","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1203396109","article-title":"Brain anomalies in children exposed prenatally to a common organophosphate pesticide","volume":"109","author":"Rauh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B30","volume-title":"Maladies et ravageurs des cultures l\u00e9gumi\u00e8res au Canada","author":"Richard","year":"1994"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B31","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Sterile insect technique","author":"Robinson","year":"2005"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-017-2069-z","article-title":"Resistance to the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum (Diptera, Anthomyiidae), of turnip varieties (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa)","volume":"213","author":"Santolamazza-Carbone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3752\/cjai.2016.29","article-title":"Identification of Delia pest species (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in cultivated crucifers and other vegetable crops in Canada","volume":"29","author":"Savage","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. J. Arthropod Identif"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.1997.tb01155.x","article-title":"Specificity of accessory gland extracts in three Delia fly species (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)","volume":"22","author":"Spencer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B35","article-title":"2.8 Sterile-insect technique for control of the onion maggot, Delia antiqua","volume":"93","author":"Ticheler","year":"1980","journal-title":"Integrated Control of Insect Pests in The Netherlands"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00790021","article-title":"Effects of cold stress during diapause on the survival and development of Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in England","volume":"67","author":"Turnock","year":"1985","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"tow238","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/tow238","article-title":"Field evaluation of insecticides for control of cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in rutabaga in Canada","volume":"110","author":"Van Herk","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.1981.tb03106.x","article-title":"Methods for improving both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of rearing Delia brassicae for sterile release programmes","volume":"30","author":"Van Keymeulen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Entomologia Exp. Applicata"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/64.3.670","article-title":"Laboratory rearing of the cabbage maggot","volume":"64","author":"Vereecke","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/22.3.559","article-title":"Emergence patterns of Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) populations from North Carolina and New York","volume":"22","author":"Walgenbach","year":"1993","journal-title":"Environ. Entomol"},{"key":"2025121120175024700_toaf255-B41","author":"Wickham","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Journal of Economic Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jee\/article-pdf\/118\/6\/2710\/64464998\/toaf255.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jee\/article-pdf\/118\/6\/2710\/64464998\/toaf255.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T01:18:00Z","timestamp":1765502280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jee\/article\/118\/6\/2710\/8270745"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Munyaneza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jee\/toaf255","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0493","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-291X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}}}