{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:08:20Z","timestamp":1789150100654,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic waste constitutes a persistent environmental threat. Certain insect larvae may consume plastic waste; however, the environmental destiny and soil biodegradation kinetics of their resulting frass are not well characterized. This study examined Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae\u2019s ability to consume 2 polystyrene foams, extruded (XPS, plate-type) and expanded (EPS, packaging-type), over a 5-week period, and evaluated how foam type and bran supplementation influenced polymer depolymerization and the decomposition behavior of the resulting frass during soil incubation. On a pure foam diet, larval plastic intake peaked during the second week, reaching 6.54\u2009mg for EPS and 4.64\u2009mg for XPS, corresponds to consumption rates of 0.01 to 0.05\u2009mg larva\u22121\u2009day\u22121. Bran addition increased foam consumption, preserved larval biomass, and hastens frass decomposition. Soil incubation experiments revealed that frass from the bran-supplemented EPS treatment achieved 100% cumulative mass loss in 12\u2009days, whereas pure XPS-derived frass took up to 18\u2009days. ATR-FTIR analysis revealed oxidative modifications to the polymer structure, whereas gel permeation chromatography revealed reductions in weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 52.9% for EPS and 27.8% for XPS, accompanied by increased polydispersity index (PDI), confirming polymer depolymerization. Furthermore, the z-average molecular weight (Mz) of EPS and XPS fell by 39.5% and 20.4%, respectively, showing that EPS depolymerized more extensively. Overall, foam type and bran supplementation, along with their interaction, significantly impacted larval performance, polymer depolymerization, and the behavior of insect-derived frass decomposition, highlighting how these factors influence the polymer breakdown and decomposition process during soil incubation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toag282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:27:49Z","timestamp":1788521269000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The role of\n                    <i>Tenebrio molitor<\/i>\n                    L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in transforming waste by biodegradation of polystyrene foam and its environmental implications"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1361-6317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abeer O","family":"Abotaleb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stord Product Pest Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center , Giza,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman F","family":"Ebian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stord Product Pest Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center , Giza,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdel-Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Testing and Surface Chemical Analysis, National Institute of Standards , Giza,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha A","family":"Zinhoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stord Product Pest Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center , Giza,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091113275013200_toag282-B1032321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s12647-025-00874-2","article-title":"Preparation and certification of polystyrene reference material for density measurements using an inter-laboratory comparison approach","volume":"41","author":"Abdel-Hakim","journal-title":"MAPAN"},{"key":"2026091113275013200_toag282-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.6207","article-title":"Effect of fiber coating on the mechanical performance, water absorption and biodegradability of sisal fiber\/natural rubber composite","volume":"70","author":"Abdel-Hakim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym. 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