{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T22:48:12Z","timestamp":1778885292957,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) is the main insect pest of fruits worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and residual effects of the ready-to-use toxic baits Success 0.02CB (0.24 g of active ingredient [a.i.] per liter of spinosad) and Gelsura (6 g of a.i.\/liter of alpha-cypermethrin) and to compare them with other food lures containing spinosad and malathion mixed with hydrolyzed protein (Biofruit 5% and Flyral 1.25%), Anamed without dilution or sugarcane molasses (7%) against adult C. capitata in laboratory and greenhouse trials. Ceratitis capitata adults were highly susceptible to all toxic bait formulations (mortality &gt; 80%) until 96 h after exposure. The lowest LT50 (hours) of toxic baits were 2.32 (Gelsura at 4,000 mg\/liter), 4.26 (Gelsura at 2,000 mg\/liter), 4.28 (Anamed + malathion) and 4.89 (sugarcane molasses + malathion), while formulations containing spinosad (Biofruit, Flyral, Anamed and Success 0.02CB) showed LT50 of approximately 11 h. Without rain, Gelsura (2,000 mg\/liter) and all spinosad formulations provided mortality superior to 80% 14 d after application. Gelsura and Anamed + spinosad showed higher resistance to a 5-mm simulated rain, similar to Anamed + malathion, while the other formulations had its efficacy decreased. All toxic baits were effective on adult C. capitata in residual experiments without rain while Anamed + spinosad caused high adult mortality after 5 to 25 mm rains. Gelsura and Anamed + spinosad can be used to replace toxic baits containing malathion for C. capitata population management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toz104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T15:12:55Z","timestamp":1554563575000},"page":"1798-1804","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Toxicities and Residual Effect of Spinosad and Alpha-Cypermethrin-Based Baits to Replace Malathion for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Control"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e9ber Antonio","family":"Baronio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Go\u00e7alves, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2040-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inana Xavier","family":"Schutze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Go\u00e7alves, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Zanelato","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Go\u00e7alves, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Ruben","family":"Machota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Go\u00e7alves, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ligia Caroline","family":"Bortoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Go\u00e7alves, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiano Jo\u00e3o","family":"Arioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria e Extens\u00e3o Rural de Santa Catarina, Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Experimental de S\u00e3o Joaquim, S\u00e3o Joaquim, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0493-1788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio Roberto Mello","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Botton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Go\u00e7alves, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019091012135420100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/18.2.265a","article-title":"A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide","volume":"18","author":"Abbott","year":"1925","journal-title":"J. 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Fruit flies in Brazil \u2013 Hosts and parasitoids of the Mediterranean fruit fly.http:\/\/www.lea.esalq.usp.br\/ceratitis\/"}],"container-title":["Journal of Economic Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jee\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jee\/toz104\/28533996\/toz104.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jee\/article-pdf\/112\/4\/1798\/29096453\/toz104.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T13:08:58Z","timestamp":1568120938000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jee\/article\/112\/4\/1798\/5480521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jee\/toz104","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0493","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-291X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]}}}