{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T08:42:20Z","timestamp":1784968940782,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005595","name":"University of California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006747","name":"San Francisco State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Similar to other insular birds around the world, the Galapagos rail (Laterallus spilonota Gould, 1841) exhibits reduced flight capacity following its colonization of the archipelago ~1.2 mya. Despite their short evolutionary history, rails have colonized seven different islands spanning the entire width of the archipelago. Galapagos rails were once common on islands with sufficiently high altitudes to support shrubs in humid habitats. After humans introduced goats, this habitat was severely reduced due to overgrazing. Habitat loss devastated some rail populations, with less than 50 individuals surviving, rendering the genetic diversity of Galapagos rail a pressing conservation concern. Additionally, one enigma is the reappearance of rails on the island of Pinta after they were considered extirpated. Our approach was to investigate the evolutionary history and geographic distribution of Galapagos rails as well as examine the genome-wide effects of historical population bottlenecks using 39 whole genomes across different island populations. We recovered an early divergence of rail ancestors leading to the isolated populations on Pinta and a second clade comprising the rest of the islands, historically forming a single landmass. Subsequently, the separation of the landmass ~900 kya may have led to the isolation of the Isabela population with more panmictic populations found on Santa Cruz and Santiago islands. We found that rails genomes contain long runs of homozygosity (&amp;gt;2 Mb) that could be related to the introduction of goats. Finally, our findings show that the modern eradication of goats was critical to avoiding episodes of inbreeding in most populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esae017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T22:04:40Z","timestamp":1710799480000},"page":"444-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Whole-genome analysis reveals the diversification of Galapagos rail (Aves: Rallidae) and confirms the success of goat eradication programs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Daniel E","family":"Chavez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA 90095 , United States"},{"name":"Escuela de Biolog\u00eda, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador , Av. 12 de Octubre, Quito 170901 , Ecuador"},{"name":"Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, The Biodesign Institute, AZ School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Hains","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 , United States"},{"name":"Negaunee Integrative Research Center, The Field Museum , Chicago, IL 60605 , United States"},{"name":"Grainger Bioinformatics Center, The Field Museum , Chicago, IL 60605 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1497-356X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Espinoza-Ulloa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Biolog\u00eda, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador , Av. 12 de Octubre, Quito 170901 , Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert K","family":"Wayne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA 90095 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime A","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, San Francisco State University , San Francisco, CA 94132-1722 , United States"},{"name":"Colegio de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito , Quito , Ecuador"},{"name":"Galapagos Science Center, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ , Islas Gal\u00e1pagos , Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024071016333369000_CIT0001","first-page":"370","article-title":"The origin and diversification of Galapagos 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