{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T15:52:09Z","timestamp":1790351529306,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Royal Society of New Zealand Te Ap\u0101rangi Rutherford Discovery Fellowship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001543","name":"Neurological Foundation of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The skull bone marrow (sBM) is a hematopoietic site intimately connected to the dura mater\u2014the outermost layer of the meninges that surround the central nervous system (CNS)\u2014via vascular channels that enable trafficking of immune cells and sampling of cerebrospinal fluid. sBM-derived cells directly access the dura under homeostasis and, following pathology, can infiltrate the CNS, contributing to immune surveillance, neuroinflammation, and disease outcomes. Here, we discuss the anatomical and functional properties of the sBM and critically evaluate the various approaches used to study its role in neuroimmune interactions. We also assess the translational potential of these findings in humans, highlighting promising avenues and current limitations for therapeutic targeting. While current approaches to specifically manipulate the sBM have limitations, its close relationship with the CNS underscores its potential as a novel treatment target. Continued methodological refinement and cross-species validation will be essential to harness the sBM for treating neurological disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T02:13:14Z","timestamp":1774404794000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Skull bone marrow immunity in brain health and disease: mechanisms and models"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"215","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Vinnell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland , Auckland,","place":["New Zealand"]},{"name":"Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland,","place":["New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor J","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland , Auckland,","place":["New Zealand"]},{"name":"Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland , Auckland,","place":["New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kipnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Immunology and Glia Center, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis , St Louis, MO,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine , St Louis, MO,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Immunology Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis , St Louis, MO,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Rustenhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland , Auckland,","place":["New Zealand"]},{"name":"Centre for Brain Research, 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