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ScRNA-Seq data were utilized to analyze CD29 and CD99 expression in PBMCs. CD29 and CD99-expressing T lymphocyte proportions in SjD patients and healthy controls were determined by flow cytometry. Bulk RNA-Seq was performed to identify differential gene expression between the CD29hiCD99hi and CD29intCD99int subsets. The roles of CD29 and CD99 were elucidated through the stimulation of T lymphocytes with anti-CD29 and anti-CD99. CD29 and CD99-related subsets were analyzed in SjD patients, and their clinical value was determined using ROC curves. ScRNA-Seq data uncovered a strong positive correlation between CD29 and CD99 in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Flow cytometry confirmed their co-expression, categorizing T cells into CD29intCD99int and CD29hiCD99hi groups. CD29hiCD99hi T cells exhibited high expression of cytotoxic molecules, and displayed activation features, with higher levels of Ki-67, PD-1, and CD25. Stimulation with anti-CD99 and anti-CD29 increased granzyme B levels in CD29hiCD99hi CD8+ T cells. CD29hiCD99hi CD8+ T cells were significantly elevated in SjD. However, ROC analysis indicated that only TIGIT expression in CD29hiCD99hiCD4+ T cells achieved a high AUC value. In conclusion, CD29 and CD99 exhibited significant co-expression in peripheral T cells, while CD29hiCD99hi T cells exhibit increased expression of molecules associated with cytotoxicity and an activated phenotype. The alterations in CD29hiCD99hi T cell subsets among SjD patients may contribute to the early identification of SjD and warrant further longitudinal investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T17:14:19Z","timestamp":1772385259000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["T cells co-expressing high levels of CD29 and CD99 show increased cytotoxic potential and are upregulated in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"215","author":[{"given":"Zhonghui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayibaota","family":"Bahabayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danni","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ainizati","family":"Hasimu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital , 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