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Here, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from rhesus macaques at several timepoints after infection with either virus for single-cell RNA\/VDJ sequence analysis. Data revealed acute immune activation at 10\/11\u2009days post infection (dpi) with WT MeV, with increased frequencies of CD8 T cells, monocytes and NK cells, and B and T cell expansion and activation, most notably IgA+ B cells and cytotoxic CD8 T cells. Two interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), IFI6 and IFI27, were upregulated selectively across PBMCs, with strongest ISGylation and JAK-STAT activation in monocytes. Furthermore, WT MeV-infected PBMCs were enriched among IgA+ B cells and Th17 CD4 T cells, expressing the highest levels of ISGs. However, lymphocyte depletion, with absolute or relative reduction in B, CD4, and CD8 T cells, preferential ISG expression in activated\/memory but not naive B and T cells, as well as dampened acute NK cell activation suggested acute immune suppression. Subsequent immune reconstitution was implicated by increased frequencies of IgM+ memory B cell subtypes with lower IGHV somatic hypermutation (SHM) rates at 42\/43\/56\u2009dpi. LAMV elicited distinct humoral and cellular responses, with greater induction of IgG+ than IgA+ B cells and differential cytotoxic CD8 T cells encoding distinct TRBV\/TRAV genes, compared to WT MeV. LAMV infection induced no signs of immune suppression. Together, these data provide insights into distinct features of WT MeV and LAMV-induced immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jimmun\/vkag139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T17:03:30Z","timestamp":1782320610000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Single-cell profiling of immune activation, dysregulation, and reconstitution in rhesus macaques after measles virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"215","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2025-6375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andy Kwan Pui","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2891-4483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Baumgarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Lyme and Tickborne Diseases Research and Education Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane E","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090710435087400_vkag139-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00758-24","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00758-24","article-title":"What\u2019s going on with measles?","volume":"98","author":"Moss","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2026090710435087400_vkag139-B2"},{"key":"2026090710435087400_vkag139-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199601000-00014","article-title":"Secondary failure rates of measles vaccines: a metaanalysis of published 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