{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T23:19:10Z","timestamp":1783552750510,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]],"date-time":"2020-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Veterinary and medical entomologists who are involved in research on pest control often need to perform dose\u2013response bioassays and analyze the results. This article is meant as a beginner\u2019s guide for doing this and includes instructions for using the free program R for the analyses. The bioassays and analyses are described using previously unpublished data from bioassays on house flies, Musca domestica Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae), but can be used on a wide range of pest species. Flies were exposed topically to beta-cyfluthrin, a pyrethroid, or exposed to spinosad or spinetoram in sugar to encourage consumption. LD50 values for beta-cyfluthrin in a susceptible strain were similar regardless of whether mortality was assessed at 24 or 48 h, consistent with it being a relatively quick-acting insecticide. Based on LC50 values, spinetoram was about twice as toxic as spinosad in a susceptible strain, suggesting a benefit to formulating spinetoram for house fly control, although spinetoram was no more toxic than spinosad for a pyrethroid-resistant strain. Results were consistent with previous reports of spinosad exhibiting little cross-resistance. For both spinosad and spinetoram, LC50 values were not greatly different between the pyrethroid-resistant strain and the susceptible strain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/ieaa041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T03:21:41Z","timestamp":1587612101000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Oral and Topical Insecticide Response Bioassays and Associated Statistical Analyses Used Commonly in Veterinary and Medical Entomology"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"20","author":[{"suffix":"IV","given":"Edwin R","family":"Burgess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bethia H","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6187-8162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J","family":"Geden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA, ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020110206010309600_CIT0001","first-page":"1663","article-title":"Resistance status of Musca domestica L. populations to neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators in Pakistan poultry facilities","volume":"47","author":"Abbas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pakistan J. 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