{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:15:52Z","timestamp":1780470952515,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81060138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81060138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Guizhou Province","award":["(2015)7355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2015)7355"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Via complex salivary mixture, mosquitos can intervene immune response and be helpful to transmit several viruses causing deadly human diseases. Some C-type lectins (CTLs) of mosquito have been reported to be pattern recognition receptor to either resist or promote pathogen invading. Here, we investigated the expression profile and agglutination function of an Aedes albopictus CTL (Aalb_CTL2) carrying a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) and WND\/KPD motifs. The results showed that Aalb_CTL2 was found to be specifically expressed in mosquito saliva gland and its expression was not induced by blood-feeding. The recombinant Aalb_CTL2 (rAalb_CTL2) could agglutinate mouse erythrocytes in the presence of calcium and the agglutinating activity could be inhibited by EDTA. rAalb_CTL2 also displayed the sugar binding ability to D-mannose, D-galactose, D-glucose, and maltose. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that rAalb_CTL2 could bind and agglutinate Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as fungus Candida albicans in vitro in a calcium dependent manner. However, rAalb_CTL2 could not promote type 2 dengue virus (DENV-2) replication in THP-1 and BHK-21 cell lines. These findings uncover that Aalb_CTL2 might be involved in the innate immunity of mosquito to resist microorganism multiplication in sugar and blood meals to help mosquito survive in the varied natural environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/iead043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T18:48:18Z","timestamp":1688410098000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A C-type lectin in saliva of <i>Aedes albopictus<\/i> (Diptera: <i>Culicidae<\/i>) bind and agglutinate microorganisms with broad spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3409-1513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zimin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology , College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology , College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology , College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyuan","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology , College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6054-3117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology , College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"},{"name":"Department of Immunology , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology , College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology , Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3390\/v10070367","article-title":"The C-Type lectin domain gene family in Aedes aegypti and their role in arbovirus infection","volume":"10","author":"Adelman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2006.12.024","article-title":"Drosophila C-type lectins enhance cellular encapsulation","volume":"44","author":"Ao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2006.10.007","article-title":"An insight into the sialome of the adult female mosquito Aedes albopictus","volume":"37","author":"Arc\u00e0","year":"2007","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3971","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01849","article-title":"An updated catalogue of salivary gland transcripts in the adult female mosquito, Anopheles gambiae","volume":"208","author":"Arc\u00e0","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Biol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193162","article-title":"Pathogenomics of Culex quinquefasciatus and meta-analysis of infection responses to diverse pathogens","volume":"330","author":"Bartholomay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3965","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5945","article-title":"A C-type lectin with dual-CRD from Tribolium castaneum is induced in response to bacterial challenge","volume":"76","author":"Bi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pest Manag Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0004-8","article-title":"C-type lectins in immunity and homeostasis","volume":"18","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2004.00463.x","article-title":"The transcriptome of adult female Anopheles darlingi salivary glands","volume":"13","author":"Calvo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2006.11.005","article-title":"An insight into the sialome of Anopheles funestus reveals an emerging pattern in anopheline salivary protein families","volume":"37","author":"Calvo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol."},{"issue":"32","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27998","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.247924","article-title":"Alboserpin, a factor Xa inhibitor from the mosquito vector of yellow fever, binds heparin and membrane phospholipids and exhibits antithrombotic activity","volume":"286","author":"Calvo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-51","article-title":"An insight into the sialotranscriptome of the West Nile mosquito vector, Culex tarsalis","volume":"11","author":"Calvo","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Genomics."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.07.038","article-title":"A C-type lectin collaborates with a CD45 phosphatase homolog to facilitate West Nile virus infection of mosquitoes","volume":"142","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-337","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of a mannose binding C-type lectin gene from salivary gland of Aedes albopictus","volume":"7","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"5591","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077136","article-title":"Immunity-related genes and gene families in Anopheles gambiae","volume":"298","author":"Christophides","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0063-9","article-title":"Salivary factor LTRIN from Aedes aegypti facilitates the transmission of Zika virus by interfering with the lymphotoxin-\u03b2 receptor","volume":"19","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.3390\/v12070698","article-title":"Distinct New York City Aedes albopictus mosquito populations display differences in salivary gland protein D7 diversity and chikungunya virus replication","volume":"12","author":"Kaczmarek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10050541","article-title":"A C-type lectin highly expressed in portunus trituberculatus intestine functions in AMP regulation and prophenoloxidase activation","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003931","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003931","article-title":"Transmission-blocking antibodies against mosquito C-type lectins for dengue prevention","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10101372","article-title":"Aedes albopictus D7 salivary protein prevents host hemostasis and inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Martin-Martin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1091789","article-title":"Effects of mosquito genes on Plasmodium development","volume":"303","author":"Osta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000441475","article-title":"High innate immune specificity through diversified C-type lectin-like domain proteins in invertebrates","volume":"8","author":"Pees","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Innate Immun."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-8-6","article-title":"An annotated catalogue of salivary gland transcripts in the adult female mosquito, Aedes aegypti","volume":"8","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Genomics."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2004.02.008","article-title":"An insight into the salivary transcriptome and proteome of the adult female mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus","volume":"34","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17616","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M808298200","article-title":"Two C-type lectins cooperate to defend Anopheles gambiae against Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"284","author":"Schnitger","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2021.06.007","article-title":"A C-type lectin with a single CRD from Onychostoma macrolepis mediates immune recognition against bacterial challenge","volume":"115","author":"Shang-Guan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.01.021","article-title":"A C-type lectin (OmCTL) in Onychostoma macrolepis: binding ability to LPS, PGN and agglutinating activity against bacteria","volume":"132","author":"Shang-Guan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Immunol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2014.06.010","article-title":"Functions of Armigeres subalbatus C-type lectins in innate immunity","volume":"52","author":"Shi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.130","article-title":"A new factor in the Aedes aegypti immune response: CLSP2 modulates melanization","volume":"12","author":"Shin","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3001515","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001515","article-title":"C-type lectin 4 regulates broad-spectrum melanization-based refractoriness to malaria parasites","volume":"20","author":"Sim\u00f5es","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20051921","article-title":"Participation of a galactose-specific C-type lectin in Drosophila immunity","volume":"396","author":"Tanji","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0385-x","article-title":"Aedes aegypti AgBR1 antibodies modulate early Zika virus infection of mice","volume":"4","author":"Uraki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-1748(03)00067-5","article-title":"Exploring the salivary gland transcriptome and proteome of the Anopheles stephensi mosquito","volume":"33","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2003","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030721","article-title":"Pathogen-derived carbohydrate recognition in molluscs immune defense","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2009.07.011","article-title":"A C-type lectin is involved in the innate immune response of Chinese white shrimp","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2010.10.012","article-title":"Characterization of a C-type lectin (PcLec2) as an upstream detector in the prophenoloxidase activating system of red swamp crayfish","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2009.05.004","article-title":"A novel C-type lectin (FcLec4) facilitates the clearance of Vibrio anguillarum in vivo in Chinese white shrimp","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol."},{"key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2017.11.020","article-title":"Insect C-type lectin in innate immunity","volume":"83","author":"Xia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2006.03.010","article-title":"Calcium is not required for immulectin-2 binding, but protects the protein from proteinase digestion","volume":"36","author":"Yu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2005.05031.x","article-title":"The C-type lectin-like domain superfamily","volume":"272","author":"Zelensky","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00707-08","article-title":"A novel C-type lectin from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei possesses anti-white spot syndrome virus activity","volume":"83","author":"Zhao","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2023070315241180000_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2012.04.001","article-title":"Advances in research of fish immune-relevant genes: a comparative overview of innate and adaptive immunity in teleosts","volume":"39","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Insect Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jinsectscience\/article-pdf\/23\/4\/1\/50788039\/iead043.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jinsectscience\/article-pdf\/23\/4\/1\/50788039\/iead043.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T18:48:53Z","timestamp":1688410133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jinsectscience\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jisesa\/iead043\/7218279"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Xiao-Qiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jisesa\/iead043","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-2442"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-2442","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"article-number":"1"}}