{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:00:36Z","timestamp":1789732836902,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The granulate ambrosia beetle, Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky), and the black stem borer, Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) are important pests in ornamental nurseries in the eastern USA. These beetles are managed mainly using preventative trunk applications of pyrethroids, such as permethrin or bifenthrin when females typically fly out of woodlots and attack young trees in the spring. Verbenone and methyl salicylate are potential phytochemicals reported as repellants but not completely validated in ornamental nurseries for ambrosia beetle management as an alternative option. Thus, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of verbenone alone or with methyl salicylate and permethrin on ambrosia beetle attacks. In 2023 and 2024, a study was conducted where verbenone (with methyl salicylate) and permethrin were combined with 10% and 50% ethanol-infused maple bolts. Verbenone alone or combined with methyl salicylate did not reduce ambrosia beetle attacks on bolts compared to permethrin. Permethrin was effective in reducing ambrosia beetle attacks on bolts. This suggests that permethrin is still the best option to prevent ambrosia beetle attacks on young trees in ornamental nurseries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/ieaf008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T12:25:56Z","timestamp":1737980756000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparing the effects of verbenone, methyl salicylate, and permethrin on attacks of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae Scolytinae) in ornamental nurseries"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ramkumar","family":"Govindaraju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, University of Georgia , Griffin, GA","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3686-0024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimat V","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, University of Georgia , Griffin, GA","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025012712254698100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toab153","article-title":"Reduced infestation by Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in apple trees treated with host plant defense compounds","volume":"114","author":"Agnello","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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