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This study investigated the influence of colony and hive attributes, landscape characteristics, and seasonality on the occurrence of O. haroldi within beehives in TTC. Field surveys assessed beetle populations alongside colony strength parameters, environmental variables, and hive types using standard protocols. Our findings revealed significant positive correlations between beetle occurrence and colony phenotypes, such as capped brood, pollen, and honey quantities. Higher beetle populations were also observed in areas with tree cover compared to cropland, and seasonal variation was evident, with beetle populations peaking during rainy seasons. Langstroth hives exhibited higher infestation levels due to larger entrance areas than Kenya Top-Bar hives and other locally made hive types, which have smaller entrances. These findings suggest that reducing hive entrance sizes with entrance reducers could be an effective management option to limit hive invasion by the beetle, thereby protecting colony health and enhancing productivity in Taita.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/ieaf065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T20:08:14Z","timestamp":1751054894000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influence of colony and hive attributes, landscape, and seasonality on occurrence of large hive beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Taita Taveta County, Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4773-9539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mbatha B","family":"Wambua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]},{"name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayuka T","family":"Fombong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiatoko","family":"Nkoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gladys K","family":"Onyambu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen Lydiah","family":"Kutima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4447-0744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevgan","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7785-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice T","family":"Nganso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology , Nairobi ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025062716080893400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/data7030036","article-title":"Land cover map for multifunctional landscapes of Taita Taveta County, Kenya, based on Sentinel-1 Radar, Sentinel-2 optical, and topoclimatic data","volume":"7","author":"Abera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Data"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062716080893400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12040275","article-title":"Modeling the invasion of the large hive beetle, Oplostomus fuligineus, into north Africa and south Europe under a changing climate","volume":"12","author":"Abou-Shaara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"2025062716080893400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e09492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09492","article-title":"The impact of beekeeping on household income: Evidence from north-western Ethiopia","volume":"8","author":"Abro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2025062716080893400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00218839.2023.2264601","article-title":"A national survey of managed honey bee colony losses in the USA: results from the bee informed partnership for 2020\u201321 and 2021\u201322","volume":"63","author":"Aurell","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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