{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T17:39:56Z","timestamp":1769276396183,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>despite the advances in preoperative hypofractionated\u2013accelerated radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, postoperative radiotherapy delivered with standard fractionation (46\u201350 Gy in 5\u00a0weeks) remains a standard adjuvant schedule. The role of hypofractionated\u2013accelerated radiotherapy in a postoperative setting remains largely unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>eighty-eight patients with rectal cancer infiltrating the rectal wall and\/or having metastasis to the perirectal lymph nodes were treated with surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and, subsequently, with hypofractionated\u2013accelerated radiotherapy. Ten fractions of 3.4 Gy were delivered to the pelvis for 10 consecutive fractions, within 12\u00a0days. The follow-up of patients alive at the time of analysis ranges from 12\u2013120\u00a0months (median 48).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>mild abdominal discomfort and diarrhoea were frequent, but medical medication was demanded in 14\/88 (15.9%) of patients. The incidence of late toxicities was low; 4\/88 (3.5%) patients complained for intermittent intestinal urgency. Locoregional recurrence occurred in 8\/88 patients (9%). The 5-year locoregional relapse-free survival was achieved in 89.7% of patients, and this dropped to 84% in node-positive patients (P\u00a0=\u00a00.45). The 5-year disease-specific overall survival was 72.4%. Nodal involvement showed a trend to negatively affect prognosis (5-year overall survival 68.2 vs. 79.6%; P\u00a0=\u00a00.23).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>postoperative hypofractionated\u2013accelerated radiotherapy has minimal early and late toxicity. The locoregional control and disease-specific survival rates are similar to the expected from conventional postoperative chemoradiotherapy. The 2.5-fold decrease of radiotherapy treatment time, reduction of waiting lists and the lower overall cost of radiotherapy are additional benefits associated with hypofractionated\u2013accelerated radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyab216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,2]],"date-time":"2022-01-02T12:06:55Z","timestamp":1641125215000},"page":"493-498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Postoperative hypofractionated\u2013accelerated radiotherapy (HypoAR) for locally advanced rectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2324-699X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael I","family":"Koukourakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy\/Oncology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Kavazis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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