{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:20:55Z","timestamp":1791591655651,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The concept of gastric-type mucinous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (GAS) has been accepted worldwide because of its aggressive clinical behaviour and the absence of high-risk human papilloma virus infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2020 classification divides cervical tumours into two categories: human papilloma virus-associated and human papilloma virus-independent. Hence, GAS is now classified as an human papilloma virus-independent gastric type. Because clinical studies have reported that GAS is refractory to conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, especially at an advanced stage, and has aggressive features with widespread dissemination to unusual sites, such as the omentum, peritoneum and distant organs, it is urgent to establish new treatment strategies by comparing the molecular profiles of human papilloma virus-associated adenocarcinomas. A series of genetic mutations characteristic to GAS encourage the development of future treatment strategies such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyae019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T23:39:09Z","timestamp":1706225949000},"page":"516-520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: clinical features and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4938-416X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nishio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Risa","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Yamagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2000.5826","article-title":"The rising incidence of adenocarcinoma relative to squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix in the United States\u2014a 24-year population-based study","volume":"78","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref3","first-page":"100860","article-title":"Towards elimination of cervical cancer - human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) member countries","volume":"39","author":"Ong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2018-0259-RA","article-title":"Cervical adenocarcinomas: a heterogeneous group of tumors with variable etiologies and clinical outcomes","volume":"143","author":"Hodgson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000532","article-title":"Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma: an aggressive tumor with unusual metastatic patterns and poor prognosis","volume":"39","author":"Karamurzin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13995","article-title":"Cervical adenocarcinoma: integration of HPV status, pattern of invasion, morphology and molecular markers into classification","volume":"76","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213434.91868.b0","article-title":"Gastric morphology and immunophenotype predict poor outcome in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix","volume":"31","author":"Kojima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100323","article-title":"Absence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in endocervical adenocarcinoma with gastric morphology and phenotype","volume":"177","author":"Kusanagi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-198301000-00003","article-title":"Extremely well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (\u201cadenoma malignum\u201d) of the cervix","volume":"2","author":"Kaku","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050172","article-title":"A new view of the so-called adenoma malignum of the uterine cervix","volume":"432","author":"Ishii","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-022-03724-w","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, gastric-type (GAS): a review of the literature focused on pathology and multimodality imaging","volume":"48","author":"Kerwin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31821534b9","article-title":"Unusual endocervical adenocarcinomas: an immunohistochemical analysis with molecular detection of human papillomavirus","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2017.09.009","article-title":"The developing spectrum of gastric-type cervical glandular lesions","volume":"50","author":"Talia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13993","article-title":"Gastric-type mucinous carcinoma of the cervix and its precursors - historical overview","volume":"76","author":"Mikami","year":"2020","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13977","article-title":"Revising the WHO classification: female genital tract tumours","volume":"76","author":"Cree","year":"2020","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800148","article-title":"Gastrointestinal immunophenotype in adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix and related glandular lesions: a possible link between lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia\/pyloric gland metaplasia and \u2018adenoma malignum\u2019","volume":"17","author":"Mikami","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000986","article-title":"International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC): a new pathogenetic classification for invasive adenocarcinomas of the Endocervix","volume":"42","author":"Stolnicu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198909000-00001","article-title":"Adenoma malignum (minimal deviation adenocarcinoma) of the uterine cervix. A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 26 cases","volume":"13","author":"Gilks","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2010.03500.x","article-title":"Diagnostic reproducibility in gastric-type mucinous adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: validation of novel diagnostic criteria","volume":"56","author":"Kawakami","year":"2010","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15578","article-title":"Current status and molecular biology of human papillomavirus-independent gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the cervix","volume":"49","author":"Nishio","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000578","article-title":"A detailed Immunohistochemical analysis of a large series of cervical and vaginal gastric-type adenocarcinomas","volume":"40","author":"Carleton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001090","article-title":"Diagnostic algorithmic proposal based on comprehensive immunohistochemical evaluation of 297 invasive endocervical adenocarcinomas","volume":"42","author":"Stolnicu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13887","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of HIK1083 and MUC6 in endometrial carcinomas","volume":"75","author":"Hodgson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-018-2469-z","article-title":"Trefoil factor family 2 protein: a potential immunohistochemical marker for aiding diagnosis of lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia and gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix","volume":"474","author":"Asaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000529","article-title":"Expression of markers of Mullerian clear cell carcinoma in primary cervical and vaginal gastric-type adenocarcinomas","volume":"38","author":"Talia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000833","article-title":"Endocervical adenocarcinoma with morphologic features of both usual and gastric types: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses and high-risk HPV detection by in situ hybridization","volume":"41","author":"Wada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000680","article-title":"Trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) as a surrogate marker for endocervical gastric-type carcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Takako","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000216","article-title":"Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the cervix: tumor with wide range of histologic appearances","volume":"26","author":"Pirog","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181c89c98","article-title":"PAX2 distinguishes benign mesonephric and mullerian glandular lesions of the cervix from endocervical adenocarcinoma, including minimal deviation adenocarcinoma","volume":"34","author":"Rabban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2022.01.036","article-title":"Association of recurrent APOBEC3B alterations with the prognosis of gastric-type cervical adenocarcinoma","volume":"165","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-021-03207-1","article-title":"Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of immunophenotypic characterization of endocervical adenocarcinoma using CLDN18, CDH17, and PAX8 in association with HPV status","volume":"480","author":"Asaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001847","article-title":"Claudin-18 as a promising surrogate marker for endocervical gastric-type carcinoma","volume":"46","author":"Kiyokawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2022.10.003","article-title":"Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the cervix: clinical outcomes and genomic drivers","volume":"167","author":"Ehmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13071","article-title":"HPV-negative carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a distinct type of cervical cancer with poor prognosis","volume":"122","author":"Rodriguez-Carunchio","year":"2015","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref35","first-page":"2168","article-title":"Detection of high-risk human papillomavirus subtypes in cervical glandular neoplasia by in situ hybridization","volume":"6","author":"Sheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22678","article-title":"Prognosis of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: p53 expression correlates with higher incidence of mortality","volume":"121","author":"Baalbergen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1480","article-title":"The presence of high-risk HPV combined with specific p53 and p16INK4a expression patterns points to high-risk HPV as the main causative agent for adenocarcinoma in situ and adenocarcinoma of the cervix","volume":"201","author":"Zielinski","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-014-0416-y","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: why is it different?","volume":"16","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref39","first-page":"912","article-title":"A comparison of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix","volume":"77","author":"Hopkins","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1053\/ejso.1999.0923","article-title":"Prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of Ib-IIb adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in patients who have had radical hysterectomy","volume":"26","author":"Irie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.10.004","article-title":"Ovarian metastasis in carcinoma of the uterine cervix","volume":"101","author":"Shimada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2019.01.022","article-title":"Analysis of gastric-type mucinous carcinoma of the uterine cervix - an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis: a multi-institutional study","volume":"153","author":"Nishio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000001145","article-title":"Chemoresistance of gastric-type mucinous carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a study of the Sankai Gynecology study group","volume":"28","author":"Kojima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21386","article-title":"Integrated genomic and molecular characterization of cervical cancer","volume":"543","author":"Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-020-0614-0","article-title":"Genetic characteristics of gastric-type mucinous carcinoma of the uterine cervix","volume":"34","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-020-00726-1","article-title":"Massively parallel sequencing analysis of 68 gastric-type cervical adenocarcinomas reveals mutations in cell cycle-related genes and potentially targetable mutations","volume":"34","author":"Selenica","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0305-x","article-title":"Molecular characterization of gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma using next-generation sequencing","volume":"32","author":"Garg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2021-002997","article-title":"Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the cervix in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: a systematic review of the literature with proposed screening guidelines","volume":"32","author":"Gordhandas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23831","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6379","article-title":"Different prognostic impact of STK11 mutations in non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"8","author":"Pecuchet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-0099","article-title":"STK11\/LKB1 mutations and PD-1 inhibitor resistance in KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Skoulidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s00795-018-0202-2","article-title":"Mucinous adenocarcinoma, gastric type of the uterine cervix: clinical features and HER2 amplification","volume":"52","author":"Nakamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Mol Morphol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2021-002753","article-title":"Uterine serous carcinoma: key advances and novel treatment approaches","volume":"31","author":"Ferriss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-015-0587-x","article-title":"HER2-directed therapy: current treatment options for HER2-positive breast cancer","volume":"22","author":"Ahmed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.02005","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with HER2-expressing solid tumors: primary results from the DESTINY-PanTumor02 phase II trial","volume":"42","author":"Meric-Bernstam","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2103695","article-title":"Sotorasib for lung cancers with KRAS p.G12C mutation","volume":"384","author":"Skoulidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024050715061933100_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000665","article-title":"Genomic characterization of HPV-related and gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma: correlation with subtype and clinical behavior","volume":"39","author":"Hodgson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"}],"container-title":["Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jjco\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jjco\/hyae019\/57434847\/hyae019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jjco\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jjco\/hyae019\/57434847\/hyae019.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T11:16:30Z","timestamp":1715080590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jjco\/article\/54\/5\/516\/7608643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jjco\/hyae019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-3621"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-3621","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]}}}