{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T15:41:27Z","timestamp":1760370087298,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Labour Sciences Research","award":["23EA1036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23EA1036"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Disparities in public assistance or the urbanization level of a residential region can affect cancer treatment outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether these factors affect the overall survival (OS) of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using Tokushukai REAL World Data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed the clinical data of consecutive patients with NSCLC receiving EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors between April 2010 and March 2020 at 46 Tokushukai Medical Group hospitals in Japan. The patient\u2019s insurance coverage status was extracted from electronic medical records, and the urbanization level of residential regions was classified as megalopolis or other according to the secondary medical region. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between OS and patient\/tumor\/treatment\/socioeconomic-related factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 758 patients (58.5% females) were included in the study; 41 patients (5.4%) received public assistance, and 442 patients (58.3%) were categorized under megalopolis in the secondary medical regions. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, there was no significant difference in the OS between non-recipients of public assistance and recipients [hazard ratio (HR) 1.084; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 0.674\u20131.744]. There was also no significant difference in the OS between megalopolis and other regions in the secondary medical regions (HR 1.143; 95% CIs, 0.914\u20131.428).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest that neither the use of public assistance nor the urbanization level in the residential region significantly impacts the prognosis of Japanese patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyae167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1734174161000},"page":"228-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Public assistance and survival equality in patients with <i>EGFR<\/i> mutation-positive lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6068-1385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiyoaki","family":"Uryu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Yao Tokushukai General Hospital , Yao-shi, Osaka 581-0011,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Care Promotion Center, University of Fukui Hospital , Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8601-0442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rai","family":"Shimoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital , Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa 247-8533,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Mase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Ogaki Tokushukai Hospital , Ogaki-shi, Gifu 503-0015,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Fujimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokushukai Information System Inc. , Kita-ku, Osaka 530-0001,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mirai Iryo Research Center Inc. , Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megu","family":"Ohtaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCult Co., Ltd. , Hatsukaichi-shi, Hiroshima 739-0413,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCult Co., Ltd. , Hatsukaichi-shi, Hiroshima 739-0413,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Hibino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital , Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0041,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeto","family":"Horiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital , Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0041,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoya","family":"Fukui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital , Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa 247-8533,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuta","family":"Fukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital , Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa 247-8533,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Chihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uji Tokushukai Medical Center , Uji-shi, Kyoto 611-0041","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Iwase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chibanishi General Hospital , Matsudo-shi, Chiba 270-2251,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chibanishi General Hospital , Matsudo-shi, Chiba 270-2251,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Oosumi Kanoya Hospital , Kanoya-shi, Kagoshima 893-0015,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromasa","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yao Tokushukai General Hospital , Yao-shi, Osaka 581-0011,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asuka","family":"Tsuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Izumi City General Hospital , Izumi-shi, Osaka 594-0073,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Okabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Izumi City General Hospital , Izumi-shi, Osaka 594-0073,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Fukuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Izumi City General Hospital , Izumi-shi, Osaka 594-0073,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hironobu","family":"Minami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi 650-0017,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Cancer Center, Kobe University Hospital , Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi 650-0017,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030608515407900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2133205","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.33205","article-title":"Racial and ethnic 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