{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T14:21:16Z","timestamp":1770992476853,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The super T2-weighted imaging-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) mismatch sign has been identified as a prognostic imaging biomarker for non-contrast-enhancing astrocytoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant, central nervous system World Health Organization grade 2 or 3. However, its relevance to other gliomas remains uncertain. Here, we evaluated the significance of the super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in non-contrast-enhancing oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant, and 1p\/19q codeleted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed oligodendroglioma cases from our institution and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)\/The Cancer Imaging Archive lower-grade glioma (LGG) dataset. The super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was defined as a markedly low signal, comparable to cerebrospinal fluid, in noncystic lesions, distinct from the conventional T2-FLAIR mismatch sign. We assessed its association with prognosis and diagnostic utility by including 33 non-contrast-enhancing astrocytoma cases from our institution and 30 from TCGA-LGG, calculating the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 19 non-contrast-enhancing oligodendroglioma cases in our dataset and 16 in TCGA-LGG, the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was present in 1 and 3 cases, respectively, while the super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was observed in 3 and 2 cases. The mean follow-up period was 38.8\u00a0months (our dataset) and 28.2\u00a0months (TCGA-LGG). The super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was not associated with either progression-free or overall survival in oligodendroglioma. In TCGA-LGG, it had a PPV of 86.7% and an NPV of 45.2% (P\u00a0=\u00a00.0487) for astrocytoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign was primarily observed in astrocytoma but also appeared in non-contrast-enhancing oligodendroglioma. It served as a prognostic biomarker for astrocytoma but not for oligodendroglioma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyaf168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T12:00:08Z","timestamp":1761134408000},"page":"148-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluating the super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in non-contrast-enhancing oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant, and 1p\/19q codeleted"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8987-4430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iori","family":"Ozono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0164-6295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumiyuki","family":"Yamasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shumpei","family":"Onishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ushio","family":"Yonezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Taguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Novita Ikbar","family":"Khairunnisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishwa Jeet","family":"Amatya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukio","family":"Takeshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobutaka","family":"Horie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 1-2-3 kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021308522287900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106","article-title":"The 2021 WHO classification of Tumors 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