{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T17:36:23Z","timestamp":1785605783109,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Accurate histopathological and molecular characterization of lung cancer is essential for optimal treatment selection in the era of precision medicine. While conventional biopsy techniques are widely available and safe, they often yield small tissue samples with crush artifacts that may be insufficient for comprehensive molecular testing. Cryobiopsy has emerged as a promising diagnostic technique that addresses these limitations. For endobronchial and peripheral pulmonary lesions, cryobiopsy demonstrates superior diagnostic yields compared to conventional forceps biopsy, with enhanced capability for molecular diagnostics and programmed death-ligand 1 assessment. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided mediastinal cryobiopsy shows particular promise for lymph node sampling, achieving higher diagnostic yields than EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, especially for lymphoma and metastatic disease. Moreover, thoracoscopic cryobiopsy provides larger pleural specimens with preserved architecture, improving diagnosis of challenging cases including malignant mesothelioma. The safety profile remains favorable across all applications, with bleeding as the primary complication that is typically manageable with standard techniques. Cryobiopsy represents a significant advancement in thoracic oncology diagnostics, providing high-quality tissue specimens essential for contemporary cancer management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyag008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T12:51:40Z","timestamp":1767963100000},"page":"373-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical applications of cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of thoracic malignancies: a comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Miwa","family":"Kamatani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center , Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8935 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1438-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuyasu","family":"Awano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center , Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8935 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takehiro","family":"Izumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center , Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8935 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00798-3","article-title":"The global burden of lung cancer: current status and future trends","volume":"20","author":"Leiter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57040393","article-title":"Cryobiopsy in lung cancer diagnosis\u2014a literature review","volume":"57","author":"Simon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Lithuania)"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10251","DOI":"10.29011\/2574","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) in the ERA of cryobiopsy (CB). A literature review","volume":"9","author":"Lojo-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Oncol Res Ther"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30342-X","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for interstitial lung disease diagnosis (COLDICE): a prospective, comparative study","volume":"8","author":"Troy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1159\/000203987","article-title":"Transbronchial cryobiopsy: a new tool for lung biopsies","volume":"78","author":"Babiak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","article-title":"Fiberoptic bronchoscopic cryotherapy in the management of tracheobronchial obstruction","author":"Mathur","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.3.718"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2024-002617","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided transbronchial cryobiopsy of mediastinal and hilar lesions: a multicenter pragmatic cohort study with real-world evidence","volume":"11","author":"Mangold","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107389","article-title":"Is the diagnostic yield of mediastinal lymph node cryobiopsy (cryoEBUS) better for diagnosing mediastinal node involvement compared to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)? A systematic review","volume":"218","author":"Botana-Rial","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12066","article-title":"Rigid versus semi-rigid thoracoscopy for the diagnosis of pleural disease: a randomized pilot study","volume":"18","author":"Rozman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13665-025-00372-5","article-title":"Cryobiopsies: update on the tools, techniques, and evidence for malignancy, interstitial lung diseases, and lymph nodes","volume":"14","author":"Aliaga","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Pulmonol Rep"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12980","article-title":"Radial endobronchial ultrasound for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.03.04","article-title":"Endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath for small malignant pulmonary nodules: a retrospective comparison between central and peripheral locations","volume":"7","author":"Chavez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2024-002312","article-title":"Correlation of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in tumour cells between diagnostic small biopsies performed by radial EBUS and surgical specimens of peripheral lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Lachkar","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00033011","article-title":"Cryobiopsy increases the diagnostic yield of endobronchial biopsy: a multicentre trial","volume":"39","author":"Hetzel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.05.015","article-title":"Diagnostic outcomes and safety of cryobiopsy added to conventional sampling methods: an observational study","volume":"160","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1162-3","article-title":"Comparison of tumor cell numbers and 22C3 PD-L1 expression between cryobiopsy and transbronchial biopsy with endobronchial ultrasonography-guide sheath for lung cancer","volume":"20","author":"Arimura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/730574","article-title":"Cryobiopsy: should this be used in place of endobronchial forceps biopsies?","volume":"2013","author":"Rubio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03456-1","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of transbronchial cryobiopsy for elderly lung cancer patients","volume":"24","author":"Yamatsuta","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5683","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13766","article-title":"Comparison of the utilities of cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy for peripheral lung cancer","volume":"39","author":"Nasu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2022.1008","article-title":"The additive impact of transbronchial cryobiopsy using a 1.1-mm diameter cryoprobe on conventional biopsy for peripheral lung nodules","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000917","article-title":"Diagnostic value of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy using an ultrathin cryoprobe and guide sheath for peripheral pulmonary lesions","volume":"31","author":"Chung","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000982","article-title":"Feasibility of cryobiopsy specimen retrieval through standard guide sheath for peripheral pulmonary lesions without bronchoscope removal","volume":"31","author":"Kho","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000545338","article-title":"Diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions using forceps and 1.1- or 1.7-mm cryoprobes: a randomised trial","volume":"104","author":"Steinack","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.4103\/1817-1737.69117","article-title":"Endobronchial cryobiopsy or forceps biopsy for lung cancer diagnosis","volume":"5","author":"Aktas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2023.2756","article-title":"Elucidating diagnostic efficacy and safety of the procedure: cryobiopsy of endobronchial lesions with a flexible bronchoscope","volume":"94","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5095-3","article-title":"How many samples would be optimal for endobronchial cryobiopsy?","volume":"31","author":"Segmen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2019.12.008","article-title":"Cryobiopsy increases the EGFR detection rate in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"141","author":"Haentschel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2488","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.14489","article-title":"Feasibility and utility of transbronchial cryobiopsy in precision medicine for lung cancer: prospective single-arm study","volume":"111","author":"Udagawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr-24-304","article-title":"Diagnostic efficacy of cryobiopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions with ground-glass opacity: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"13","author":"Furuse","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl Lung Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36416\/1806-3756\/e20220200","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of cryobiopsy guided by radial-probe EBUS with a guide sheath for peripheral pulmonary lesions","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29007-y","article-title":"Efficacy of combined transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and conventional forceps biopsy for lung malignancies: a prospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2023.11.001","article-title":"Transbronchial cryobiopsy for small peripheral pulmonary lesions using endobronchial ultrasonography and an ultrathin bronchoscope","volume":"62","author":"Sumi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respir Investig"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14680","article-title":"Next-generation sequencing using tissue specimen collected with a 1.1 mm-diameter cryoprobe in patients with lung cancer","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00011313","article-title":"Endobronchial ultrasound-guided cryobiopsies in peripheral pulmonary lesions: a feasibility study","volume":"43","author":"Schuhmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.13770","article-title":"Comparison of adequacy between transbronchial lung cryobiopsy samples and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration samples for next-generation sequencing analysis","volume":"12","author":"Tone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11030410","article-title":"Safety and usefulness of cryobiopsy and stamp cytology for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions","volume":"11","author":"Imabayashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0118743064262132230922110818","article-title":"Radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial cryobiopsy versus forceps biopsy for the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules: a prospective randomised trial","volume":"17","author":"Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Respir Med J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2018.10.006","article-title":"Cryobiopsy with endobronchial ultrasonography using a guide sheath for peripheral pulmonary lesions and DNA analysis by next generation sequencing and rapid on-site evaluation","volume":"57","author":"Arimura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Investig"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr-22-621","article-title":"Concordance between cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy specimens in assessment of immunohistochemistry staining for non-small cell lung carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Nishimatsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl Lung Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12770","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of cryobiopsy versus forceps biopsy for interstitial lung diseases and lung tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Ganganah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00008-2020","article-title":"Prospective multicentre study on the safety and utility of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy with endobronchial balloon","volume":"6","author":"Inomata","year":"2020","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","article-title":"Role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of pneumothorax following transbronchial lung biopsy","author":"Kumar","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000125"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Chest","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-2353"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14082800","article-title":"Diagnostic yield of CE-EBUS in mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy: a preliminary study \u2020","volume":"14","author":"Suriano","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12985","article-title":"Adequacy of EBUS-TBNA specimen for mutation analysis of lung cancer","volume":"13","author":"Cicek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-1216","article-title":"Technical aspects of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"149","author":"Wahidi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4103\/2303-9027.175884","article-title":"The utility of endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration in lymphoma","volume":"5","author":"Kheir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endosc Ultrasound"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202103-366OC","article-title":"Effect of needle size on diagnosis of sarcoidosis with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Kassirian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00055-2021","article-title":"Transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions: a randomised trial","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1159\/000505936","article-title":"Primary mediastinal seminoma achieved by transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/med-23-65","article-title":"Proposal for a standardized methodology for performing endobronchial ultrasound-guided mediastinal cryobiopsy: a four-step approach","volume":"8","author":"Prota","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mediastinum"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00448-2022","article-title":"Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions: safety, feasibility and diagnostic yield\u2014experience in 50 cases","volume":"9","author":"Ariza-Prota","year":"2023","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00392-7","article-title":"Transbronchial needle aspiration combined with cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal diseases: a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial","volume":"11","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14422","article-title":"Mediastinal \u201cdeep freeze\u201d\u2014transcarinal lymph node cryobiopsy","volume":"13","author":"Gershman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.808","article-title":"Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial cryo-nodal biopsy: a novel approach for mediastinal lymph node sampling","volume":"9","author":"Gonuguntla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respirol Case Rep"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2022.05.006","article-title":"Transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph nodes: a case series\u2014how to do it","volume":"58","author":"Ariza-Prota","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2023.12.002","article-title":"Comparison of cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy for the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"30","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pulmonology"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13223476","article-title":"The contribution of mediastinal transbronchial nodal cryobiopsy to morpho-histological and molecular diagnosis","volume":"13","author":"Velasco-Albendea","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patol.2024.100799","article-title":"EBUS-TBNA and CryoEBUS of the mediastinal lymph node. One hundred seventy-eight cases. Validation of the WHO Reporting System for Lymph Node Cytopathology. Proposed CryoEBUS diagnostic flow chart and indications. The view of the interventional pathologist","volume":"58","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev Esp Patol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2024.03.011","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness and safety of mediastinal transbronchial cryobiopsy guided by endobronchial ultrasonography (CRYO-EBUS) in 110 cases","author":"Salcedo","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2024.3054","article-title":"Additional yield of transbronchial cryo-node biopsy over endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for mediastinal lesions at a tertiary care center in India (COLD-FORCEPS-2 study)","author":"Madan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000913","article-title":"Endobronchial ultrasound-guided mediastinal lymph nodal cryobiopsy in patients with nondiagnostic\/inadequate rapid on-site evaluation a new step in the diagnostic algorithm","volume":"31","author":"Maturu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2024.2813","article-title":"Comparative yield of transbronchial cryo-nodal biopsy, transbronchial intra-nodal forceps biopsy, and transbronchial needle aspiration for mediastinal lesions at a tertiary care center in India (COLD-FORCEPS study)","volume":"95","author":"Madan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1159\/000540859","article-title":"Comparison between endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial node biopsy and transbronchial needle aspiration: a meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.4103\/lungindia.lungindia_606_23","article-title":"Utility and safety of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy (EBUS-TMC): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Chandragiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01814-x","article-title":"Potential application of cryobiopsy for histo-molecular characterization of mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with thoracic malignancies: a case presentation series and implications for future developments","volume":"22","author":"Genova","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2020.10.003","article-title":"Diagnostic yield and safety of pleural cryobiopsy during medical thoracoscopy to diagnose pleural effusion. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Rial","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-219784","article-title":"British Thoracic Society Guideline for pleural disease","volume":"78","author":"Roberts","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-1187","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy and safety of semirigid thoracoscopy in exudative pleural effusions: a meta-analysis","volume":"144","author":"Agarwal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12441","article-title":"Pleuroscopic cryoprobe biopsies of the pleura: a feasibility and safety study","volume":"20","author":"Thomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12256","article-title":"Feasibility and safety of parietal pleural cryobiopsy during semi-rigid thoracoscopy","volume":"10","author":"Rozman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2024.05.001","article-title":"Diagnostic yields and safety of thoracoscopic cryobiopsies in Japan: a single-center retrospective observational study","volume":"62","author":"Kamatani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respir Investig"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000497212","article-title":"Pleural cryobiopsy versus flexible forceps biopsy in subjects with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions undergoing semirigid thoracoscopy: a crossover randomized trial (COFFEE Trial)","volume":"98","author":"Dhooria","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000444","article-title":"Cryobiopsy of the pleura","volume":"25","author":"Tousheed","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/carj\/6641774","article-title":"Cryobiopsy as a salvage technique following negative flexible forceps biopsy of the pleura under rapid on-site evaluation guidance: a prospective study","volume":"2025","author":"Tan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199:108074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2024.108074","article-title":"Efficacy of cryobiopsy during medical thoracoscopy for diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma","author":"Nanami","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000546840","article-title":"Suitability of specimens from pleural dissemination of non-small cell lung cancer for genetic testing using forceps and cryobiopsy","volume":"104","author":"Nishii","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6746470","article-title":"Feasibility and safety of pleuroscopic cryobiopsy of the pleura: a prospective study","author":"Chen","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-016-0258-5","article-title":"Intra-patient comparison of parietal pleural biopsies by rigid forceps, flexible forceps and cryoprobe obtained during medical thoracoscopy: a prospective series of 80 cases with pleural effusion","volume":"16","author":"Wurps","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","article-title":"Comparison between thoracoscopic pleural cryobiopsy and conventional forceps biopsy in diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion: Assiut University experience","author":"El-Morshedy","DOI":"10.4103\/ecdt.ecdt_125_22"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.4103\/ecdt.ecdt_22_21","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic cryobiopsy in patients with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion","volume":"70","author":"El Sayed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egypt J Chest Dis Tuberc"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5490896","article-title":"Comparison of diagnostic yield and safety between semirigid pleuroscopic cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy for undiagnosed pleural effusion","volume":"2019","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4103\/ejb.ejb_48_18","article-title":"Evaluation of safety and diagnostic yield of pleural cryobiopsies during thoracoscopy","volume":"13","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Egypt J Bronchol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15:21","DOI":"10.1186\/s43168-021-00069-8","article-title":"Modified thoracoscopic pleural cryo-biopsy in diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion of undetermined etiology","author":"Baess","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egypt J Bronchol"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9:847146","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.847146","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of pleural cryobiopsy vs. forceps biopsy for evaluation of undiagnosed pleural effusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Giri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.09.023","article-title":"Pleural cryobiopsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"157","author":"Shafiq","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026041217371561200_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyz032","article-title":"Cryobiopsy during flex-rigid pleuroscopy: an emerging alternative biopsy method in malignant pleural mesothelioma. A comparative study of pathology","volume":"49","author":"Nakai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jjco\/article-pdf\/56\/4\/373\/66641082\/hyag008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jjco\/article-pdf\/56\/4\/373\/66641082\/hyag008.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T21:37:22Z","timestamp":1776029842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jjco\/article\/56\/4\/373\/8445454"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jjco\/hyag008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-3621"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-3621","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]}}}